Optimizing Malaria Vector Control in the Greater Mekong Subregion: a Systematic Review and Mathematical Modelling Study to Identify Desirable Intervention Characteristics

Overview

Journal Parasit Vectors

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialties Parasitology
Tropical Medicine

Date 2024 Mar 30

PMID 38553759

Authors

Yuqian Wang

Nakul Chitnis

Emma L Fairbanks

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: In the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS), new vector-control tools are needed to target mosquitoes that bite outside during the daytime and night-time to advance malaria elimination.

Methods: We conducted systematic literature searches to generate a bionomic dataset of the main malaria vectors in the GMS, including human blood index (HBI), parity proportion, sac proportion (proportion with uncontracted ovary sacs, indicating the amount of time until they returned to host seeking after oviposition) and the resting period duration. We then performed global sensitivity analyses to assess the influence of bionomics and intervention characteristics on vectorial capacity.

Results: Our review showed that Anopheles minimus, An. sinensis, An. maculatus and An. sundaicus display opportunistic blood-feeding behaviour, while An. dirus is more anthropophilic. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that environmental, climatic and sampling factors influence the proportion of parous mosquitoes, and resting duration varies seasonally. Sensitivity analysis highlighted HBI and parity proportion as the most influential bionomic parameters, followed by resting duration. Killing before feeding is always a desirable characteristic across all settings in the GMS. Disarming is also a desirable characteristic in settings with a low HBI. Repelling is only an effective strategy in settings with a low HBI and low parity proportion. Killing after feeding is only a desirable characteristic if the HBI and parity proportions in the setting are high.

Conclusions: Although in general adopting tools that kill before feeding would have the largest community-level effect on reducing outdoor transmission, other modes of action can be effective. Current tools in development which target outdoor biting mosquitoes should be implemented in different settings dependent on their characteristics.

Citing Articles

Modelling the Influence of Climate and Vector Control Interventions on Arbovirus Transmission.

Fairbanks E, Daly J, Tildesley M Viruses. 2024; 16(8).

PMID: 39205195 PMC: 11359451. DOI: 10.3390/v16081221.

Field evaluation of a volatile pyrethroid spatial repellent and etofenprox treated clothing for outdoor protection against forest malaria vectors in Cambodia.

Vajda E, Ross A, Doum D, Fairbanks E, Chitnis N, Hii J Sci Rep. 2024; 14(1):17348.

PMID: 39069597 PMC: 11284218. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67470-3.

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