Human Enterovirus B Is a Significant Cause of Aseptic Meningitis and Sepsis-Like Illness in Young Infants in Thailand

Overview

Journal Cureus

Specialty Biomedical Engineering

Date 2024 Mar 29

PMID 38550451

Authors

Jira Chansaenroj

Preeyaporn Vichaiwattana

Jiratchaya Puenpa

Thaksaporn Thatsanathorn

Natthinee Sudhinaraset

Nasamon Wanlapakorn

Yong Poovorawan

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Human enterovirus (EV) and Parechovirus (PeV) infections are major causes of sepsis-like illness in infants < 90 days of age. Enterovirus species B (EV-B) was found to be the leading cause of aseptic meningitis in young infants. In Thailand, EV and PeV are not part of the routine screening of blood or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of children with suspected aseptic meningitis and sepsis-like illness. Consequently, data on EV and PeV epidemiology are limited. This study tested clinical samples from hospitalized young infants with suspected aseptic meningitis or sepsis-like illness between 2013 and 2022 for EV, PeV, and Herpes simplex virus (HSV). Of 95 specimens, 10 were positive for EV, representing 10.5%. These positive samples included eight CSF and two stool samples. No samples were positive for PeV and HSV. Of these positive cases, EV-B was detected in eight, and EV-A was detected in two cases. The species of EV-B detected include echovirus-18 (E18) (n=2), E21 (n=2), E4(n=1), E5 (n=1), E9 (n=1), and E11 (n=1). Our report demonstrates the significant role of EV-B, and less frequently EV-A, in Thai infants with aseptic meningitis and sepsis-like illness.

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