Dietary Amino Acid Composition and Glycemic Biomarkers in Japanese Adolescents

Overview

Journal Nutrients

Date 2024 Mar 28

PMID 38542793

Authors

Masayuki Okuda

Satoshi Sasaki

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Protein intake reportedly increases the risk of diabetes; however, the results have been inconsistent. Diabetes in adulthood may be attributed to early life dietary amino acid composition. This study aimed to investigate the association between amino acid composition and glycemic biomarkers in adolescents. Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire, and fasting glucose and insulin levels were measured in 1238 eighth graders. The homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) indices (insulin resistance and β-cell function) were calculated. Anthropometrics were measured and other covariates were obtained from a questionnaire. Amino acid composition was isometric log transformed according to the compositional data analysis, which was used as explanatory variables in multivariate linear regression models for glucose, insulin, and HOMA indices. Only the association between glucose and leucine was significant. In replacement of other amino acids with leucine, an increase of 0.1% of total amino acids correlated with a lower glucose level (-1.02 mg/dL). One-to-one substitution of leucine for isoleucine or methionine decreased glucose (-2.98 and -2.28 mg/dL, respectively). Associations with other biomarkers were not observed. In conclusion, compositional data analysis of amino acids revealed an association only with glucose in adolescents; however, the results of this study should be verified in other populations.

References

Zheng Y, Li Y, Qi Q, Hruby A, Manson J, Willett W . Cumulative consumption of branched-chain amino acids and incidence of type 2 diabetes. Int J Epidemiol. 2016; 45(5):1482-1492. PMC: 5100612. DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyw143. View

Neuenschwander M, Ballon A, Weber K, Norat T, Aune D, Schwingshackl L . Role of diet in type 2 diabetes incidence: umbrella review of meta-analyses of prospective observational studies. BMJ. 2019; 366:l2368. PMC: 6607211. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.l2368. View

Valaiyapathi B, Gower B, Ashraf A . Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes in Children and Adolescents. Curr Diabetes Rev. 2018; 16(3):220-229. PMC: 7516333. DOI: 10.2174/1573399814666180608074510. View

Sasaki S, Yanagibori R, Amano K . Self-administered diet history questionnaire developed for health education: a relative validation of the test-version by comparison with 3-day diet record in women. J Epidemiol. 1998; 8(4):203-15. DOI: 10.2188/jea.8.203. View

Utsugi T, Yoshida A, Kanda T, Kobayashi I, Kurabayashi M, Tomono S . Oral administration of branched chain amino acids improves virus-induced glucose intolerance in mice. Eur J Pharmacol. 2000; 398(3):409-14. DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(00)00221-1. View

Zhao L, Zhang Q, Liu X, Wu H, Zheng J, Xiang Y . Dietary protein intake and risk of type 2 diabetes: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. Eur J Nutr. 2018; 58(4):1351-1367. DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1737-7. View

Li Y, Li C, Qi J, Huang L, Shi D, Du S . Relationships of Dietary Histidine and Obesity in Northern Chinese Adults, an Internet-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients. 2016; 8(7). PMC: 4963896. DOI: 10.3390/nu8070420. View

Lamberg-Allardt C, Barebring L, Arnesen E, Nwaru B, Thorisdottir B, Ramel A . Animal versus plant-based protein and risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies. Food Nutr Res. 2023; 67. PMC: 10084508. DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v67.9003. View

Polakof S, Dardevet D, Lyan B, Mosoni L, Gatineau E, Martin J . Time Course of Molecular and Metabolic Events in the Development of Insulin Resistance in Fructose-Fed Rats. J Proteome Res. 2016; 15(6):1862-74. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00043. View

10.

Soleimani E, Rashnoo F, Farhangi M, Hosseini B, Jafarzadeh F, Shakarami A . Dietary branched-chain amino acids intake, glycemic markers, metabolic profile, and anthropometric features in a community-based sample of overweight and obese adults. BMC Endocr Disord. 2023; 23(1):205. PMC: 10518913. DOI: 10.1186/s12902-023-01459-3. View

11.

Jaeger V, Koletzko B, Luque V, Gispert-Llaurado M, Gruszfeld D, Socha P . Time of Dietary Energy and Nutrient Intake and Body Mass Index in Children: Compositional Data Analysis from the Childhood Obesity Project (CHOP) Trial. Nutrients. 2022; 14(20). PMC: 9610148. DOI: 10.3390/nu14204356. View

12.

Daneshzad E, Rostami S, Aghamahdi F, Mahdavi-Gorabi A, Qorbani M . Association of cardiometabolic risk factors with insulin resistance in overweight and obese children. BMC Endocr Disord. 2022; 22(1):320. PMC: 9761952. DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01245-7. View

13.

Okuda M, Fujiwara A, Sasaki S . Added and Free Sugars Intake and Metabolic Biomarkers in Japanese Adolescents. Nutrients. 2020; 12(7). PMC: 7400823. DOI: 10.3390/nu12072046. View

14.

Okuda M, Sasaki S, Bando N, Hashimoto M, Kunitsugu I, Sugiyama S . Carotenoid, tocopherol, and fatty acid biomarkers and dietary intake estimated by using a brief self-administered diet history questionnaire for older Japanese children and adolescents. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2009; 55(3):231-41. DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.55.231. View

15.

Matthews D, Hosker J, Rudenski A, Naylor B, Treacher D, Turner R . Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia. 1985; 28(7):412-9. DOI: 10.1007/BF00280883. View

16.

Richie Jr J, Sinha R, Dong Z, Nichenametla S, Ables G, Ciccarella A . Dietary Methionine and Total Sulfur Amino Acid Restriction in Healthy Adults. J Nutr Health Aging. 2023; 27(2):111-123. PMC: 10782544. DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-1883-3. View

17.

Suga H, Asakura K, Sasaki S, Nojima M, Okubo H, Hirota N . Validation study of a self-administered diet history questionnaire for estimating amino acid intake among Japanese adults. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2018; 27(3):638-645. DOI: 10.6133/apjcn.072017.09. View

18.

Nagata C, Nakamura K, Wada K, Tsuji M, Tamai Y, Kawachi T . Branched-chain amino acid intake and the risk of diabetes in a Japanese community: the Takayama study. Am J Epidemiol. 2013; 178(8):1226-32. DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwt112. View

19.

Schwingshackl L, Hoffmann G, Lampousi A, Knuppel S, Iqbal K, Schwedhelm C . Food groups and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Eur J Epidemiol. 2017; 32(5):363-375. PMC: 5506108. DOI: 10.1007/s10654-017-0246-y. View

20.

Gadgil M, Ingram K, Appiah D, Rudd J, Whitaker K, Bennett W . Prepregnancy Protein Source and BCAA Intake Are Associated with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in the CARDIA Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022; 19(21). PMC: 9658365. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114142. View