Genome Constitution and Evolution of Elymus Atratus (Poaceae: Triticeae) Inferred from Cytogenetic and Phylogenetic Analysis
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Background: Elymus atratus (Nevski) Hand.-Mazz. is perennial hexaploid wheatgrass. It was assigned to the genus Elymus L. sensu stricto based on morphological characters. Its genome constitution has not been disentangled yet.
Objective: To identify the genome constitution and origin of E. atratus.
Methods: In this study, genomic in situ hybridization and fluorescence in situ hybridization, and phylogenetic analysis based on the Acc1, DMC1 and matK sequences were performed.
Results: Genomic in situ hybridization and fluorescence in situ hybridization results reveal that E. atratus 2n = 6x = 42 is composed of 14 St genome chromosomes, 14 H genome chromosomes, and 14 Y genome chromosomes including two H-Y type translocation chromosomes, suggesting that the genome formula of E. atratus is StStYYHH. The phylogenetic analysis based on Acc1 and DMC1 sequences not only shows that the Y genome originated in a separate diploid, but also suggests that Pseudoroegneria (St), Hordeum (H), and a diploid species with Y genome were the potential donors of E. atratus. Data from chloroplast DNA showed that the maternal donor of E. atratus contains the St genome.
Conclusion: Elymus atratus is an allohexaploid species with StYH genome, which may have originated through the hybridization between an allotetraploid Roegneria (StY) species as the maternal donor and a diploid Hordeum (H) species as the paternal donor.
Characterization of a Natural Accession of with Hybridization and Agronomic Evaluation.
Liu Y, Ding J, Wu C, Song W, Zhao X, Zhao H Plants (Basel). 2025; 14(1.
PMID: 39795335 PMC: 11722755. DOI: 10.3390/plants14010075.