Effects of Oral Oligopeptide Preparation and Exercise Intervention in Older People with Sarcopenia: a Randomized Controlled Trial

Overview

Journal BMC Geriatr

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Geriatrics

Date 2024 Mar 19

PMID 38500043

Authors

Xinyi Liao

Daomei Cheng

Jingjing Li

Lin Zhu

Suqiong Zhang

Xiaofan Jing

Lei Shi

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Nutrition and exercise are important interventions for sarcopenia. There were few studies on oral oligopeptide nutrition preparations combined with exercise to intervene in the older people with sarcopenia. The aim of this study was to verify the effectiveness of oligopeptide nutrition preparation combined with exercise intervention on the older people with sarcopenia in community.

Methods: A total of 219 subjects aged 65 years or older with sarcopenia were randomly divided into 4 groups. The nutrition group (n = 58) was given individualized nutrition education and oral oligopeptide nutrition preparation. The exercise group (n = 50) received exercise intervention. The combined group (n = 52) received both oral nutrition preparation and exercise interventions. The control group (n = 59) only received individualized nutrition education. The nutrition preparation can provide energy 185kcal and protein 24.2g per day. The exercise intervention including warm-up exercise, resistance exercise and aerobic exercise, the training time was 60min for 5 times every week. The intervention lasted for 16 weeks. Hand grip strength, gait speed, body composition and hematology parameters were measured before and after intervention.

Results: A total of 159 subjects completed the study. Compared with baseline, the left grip strength and 6-m walking speed of the subjects in nutrition group increased significantly after the intervention, and the grip strength of both hands in exercise group and combined group increased significantly. The body weight of the subjects in nutrition group, exercise group and combined group increased significantly after intervention, but no increase in soft lean mass (SLM) and skeletal muscle mass (SMM) was observed in any of the four groups. The fat-free mass (FFM) of the legs of the control group, exercise group and nutrition group decreased after intervention, and only the FFM of the legs of the combined group maintained the level before the intervention.

Conclusion: Both oral peptide nutrition and exercise interventions can improve the muscle strength or function of the older people with sarcopenia. However, there were no increases in muscle mass observed.

Trial Registration: ChiCTR, ChiCTR2100052135. Registered 20 October 2021, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=135743.

References

Hanach N, McCullough F, Avery A . The Impact of Dairy Protein Intake on Muscle Mass, Muscle Strength, and Physical Performance in Middle-Aged to Older Adults with or without Existing Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Adv Nutr. 2019; 10(1):59-69. PMC: 6370271. DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmy065. View

Kwok T, Bai X, Li J, Ho F, Lee T . Effectiveness of cognitive training in Chinese older people with subjective cognitive complaints: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2012; 28(2):208-15. DOI: 10.1002/gps.3812. View

Chen L, Liu L, Woo J, Assantachai P, Auyeung T, Bahyah K . Sarcopenia in Asia: consensus report of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2014; 15(2):95-101. DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2013.11.025. View

Bloom I, Shand C, Cooper C, Robinson S, Baird J . Diet Quality and Sarcopenia in Older Adults: A Systematic Review. Nutrients. 2018; 10(3). PMC: 5872726. DOI: 10.3390/nu10030308. View

Bo Y, Liu C, Ji Z, Yang R, An Q, Zhang X . A high whey protein, vitamin D and E supplement preserves muscle mass, strength, and quality of life in sarcopenic older adults: A double-blind randomized controlled trial. Clin Nutr. 2018; 38(1):159-164. DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.12.020. View

Coelho-Junior H, Calvani R, Azzolino D, Picca A, Tosato M, Landi F . Protein Intake and Sarcopenia in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022; 19(14). PMC: 9320473. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148718. View

Nabuco H, Tomeleri C, Sugihara Junior P, Fernandes R, Cavalcante E, Antunes M . Effects of Whey Protein Supplementation Pre- or Post-Resistance Training on Muscle Mass, Muscular Strength, and Functional Capacity in Pre-Conditioned Older Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Nutrients. 2018; 10(5). PMC: 5986443. DOI: 10.3390/nu10050563. View

Deutz N, Wolfe R . Is there a maximal anabolic response to protein intake with a meal?. Clin Nutr. 2012; 32(2):309-13. PMC: 3595342. DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2012.11.018. View

Lin C, Shih M, Chen C, Yeh S . Effects of adequate dietary protein with whey protein, leucine, and vitamin D supplementation on sarcopenia in older adults: An open-label, parallel-group study. Clin Nutr. 2020; 40(3):1323-1329. DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.08.017. View

10.

Hurt R, Ebbert J, Croghan I, Nanda S, Schroeder D, Teigen L . The Comparison of Segmental Multifrequency Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis and Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry for Estimating Fat Free Mass and Percentage Body Fat in an Ambulatory Population. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2020; 45(6):1231-1238. DOI: 10.1002/jpen.1994. View

11.

Caballero-Garcia A, Pascual-Fernandez J, Noriega-Gonzalez D, Bello H, Pons-Biescas A, Roche E . L-Citrulline Supplementation and Exercise in the Management of Sarcopenia. Nutrients. 2021; 13(9). PMC: 8465698. DOI: 10.3390/nu13093133. View

12.

Pao Y, Chen C, Chang C, Chen C, Tsai J . Self-reported exhaustion, physical activity, and grip strength predict frailty transitions in older outpatients with chronic diseases. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018; 97(23):e10933. PMC: 5999477. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000010933. View

13.

Smeuninx B, Greig C, Breen L . Amount, Source and Pattern of Dietary Protein Intake Across the Adult Lifespan: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Nutr. 2020; 7:25. PMC: 7086014. DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00025. View

14.

Kemmler W, Kohl M, Jakob F, Engelke K, von Stengel S . Effects of High Intensity Dynamic Resistance Exercise and Whey Protein Supplements on Osteosarcopenia in Older Men with Low Bone and Muscle Mass. Final Results of the Randomized Controlled FrOST Study. Nutrients. 2020; 12(8). PMC: 7468852. DOI: 10.3390/nu12082341. View

15.

Chen L, Woo J, Assantachai P, Auyeung T, Chou M, Iijima K . Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia: 2019 Consensus Update on Sarcopenia Diagnosis and Treatment. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2020; 21(3):300-307.e2. DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2019.12.012. View

16.

Li L, He Y, Jin N, Li H, Liu X . Effects of protein supplementation and exercise on delaying sarcopenia in healthy older individuals in Asian and non-Asian countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Food Chem X. 2022; 13:100210. PMC: 8808080. DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100210. View

17.

Cruz-Jentoft A, Landi F, Schneider S, Zuniga C, Arai H, Boirie Y . Prevalence of and interventions for sarcopenia in ageing adults: a systematic review. Report of the International Sarcopenia Initiative (EWGSOP and IWGS). Age Ageing. 2014; 43(6):748-59. PMC: 4204661. DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afu115. View

18.

Moon J, Kim Y, Oh Y, Kong M, Kim H . Association between Colorectal Adenoma and Hand Grip Strength in the Elderly. J Bone Metab. 2019; 26(3):161-167. PMC: 6746666. DOI: 10.11005/jbm.2019.26.3.161. View

19.

Marengoni A, Bandinelli S, Maietti E, Guralnik J, Zuliani G, Ferrucci L . Combining Gait Speed and Recall Memory to Predict Survival in Late Life: Population-Based Study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2016; 65(3):614-618. PMC: 5682559. DOI: 10.1111/jgs.14705. View

20.

Negm A, Lee J, Hamidian R, Jones C, Khadaroo R . Management of Sarcopenia: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2022; 23(5):707-714. DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2022.01.057. View