Dynamic Changes and Clinical Value of Lipocalin 2 in Liver Diseases Caused by Microbial Infections

Overview

Journal World J Hepatol

Publisher Baishideng Publishing Group

Specialty Gastroenterology

Date 2024 Mar 18

PMID 38495277

Authors

Feng Chen

Shan-Shan Wu

Chao Chen

Cheng Zhou

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) plays a pivotal role in iron metabolism, particularly in the context of microbial infection resistance (, viruses, bacteria, parasites, ). LCN2 combats microbial infection by directly assisting the body in competing with microorganisms for iron, inducing immune cells to secrete various cytokines to enhance systemic immune responses, or recruiting neutrophils to infectious sites. The liver serves as the primary organ for LCN2 secretion during microbial infections. This review encapsulates recent advances in dynamic changes, clinical values, and the effects of LCN2 in infectious liver diseases caused by various microbial microorganisms.

References

Nada A, Abbasy M, Sabry A, Abdu Allah A, Shehab-Eldeen S, Elnaidany N . Serum Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) in HCV-Positive Egyptian Patients Treated with Sofosbuvir. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020; 2020:1632959. PMC: 7007947. DOI: 10.1155/2020/1632959. View

Xu S, Carlson M, Engstrom A, Garcia R, PETERSON C, Venge P . Purification and characterization of a human neutrophil lipocalin (HNL) from the secondary granules of human neutrophils. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 1994; 54(5):365-76. DOI: 10.3109/00365519409088436. View

Zheng M, Horne W, McAleer J, Pociask D, Eddens T, Good M . Therapeutic Role of Interleukin 22 in Experimental Intra-abdominal Klebsiella pneumoniae Infection in Mice. Infect Immun. 2016; 84(3):782-9. PMC: 4771339. DOI: 10.1128/IAI.01268-15. View

Taub P, Gabbai-Saldate P, Maisel A . Biomarkers of heart failure. Congest Heart Fail. 2010; 16 Suppl 1:S19-24. DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-7133.2010.00168.x. View

El-Arabey A, Denizli M, Kanlikilicer P, Bayraktar R, Ivan C, Rashed M . GATA3 as a master regulator for interactions of tumor-associated macrophages with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. Cell Signal. 2020; 68:109539. DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109539. View

Chen X, Wang D . Serum MCP-1 and NGAL Play an Important Role in the Acute Inflammatory Event of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. COPD. 2021; 18(4):425-431. DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2021.1954151. View

Llorens F, Hermann P, Villar-Pique A, Diaz-Lucena D, Nagga K, Hansson O . Cerebrospinal fluid lipocalin 2 as a novel biomarker for the differential diagnosis of vascular dementia. Nat Commun. 2020; 11(1):619. PMC: 6992814. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14373-2. View

Jaberi S, Cohen A, DSouza C, Abdulrazzaq Y, Ojha S, Bastaki S . Lipocalin-2: Structure, function, distribution and role in metabolic disorders. Biomed Pharmacother. 2021; 142:112002. DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112002. View

Wang C, Ma C, Gong L, Guo Y, Fu K, Zhang Y . Macrophage Polarization and Its Role in Liver Disease. Front Immunol. 2021; 12:803037. PMC: 8712501. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.803037. View

10.

Holmes M, Paulsene W, Jide X, Ratledge C, Strong R . Siderocalin (Lcn 2) also binds carboxymycobactins, potentially defending against mycobacterial infections through iron sequestration. Structure. 2005; 13(1):29-41. DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2004.10.009. View

11.

Davis T, Tabatabai L, Bruns K, Hamilton R, Nilsen-Hamilton M . Basic fibroblast growth factor induces 3T3 fibroblasts to synthesize and secrete a cyclophilin-like protein and beta 2-microglobulin. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1991; 1095(2):145-52. DOI: 10.1016/0167-4889(91)90077-b. View

12.

Turler H, Kress M, Salomon C, Weil R . SV40-induced expression of mouse gene 24p3 involves a post-transcriptional mechanism. Oncogene. 1989; 4(5):601-8. View

13.

Reilly P, Teo W, Low M, Amoyo-Brion A, Dominguez-Brauer C, Elia A . Lipocalin 2 performs contrasting, location-dependent roles in APCmin tumor initiation and progression. Oncogene. 2012; 32(10):1233-9. PMC: 3594828. DOI: 10.1038/onc.2012.159. View

14.

Gao Y, Wang J, Liu P, Sun J, Wang X, Wu R . Iron metabolism disorders in patients with hepatitis B-related liver diseases. World J Clin Cases. 2018; 6(13):600-610. PMC: 6232559. DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v6.i13.600. View

15.

Lu J, Lin L, Ye C, Tao Q, Cui M, Zheng S . Serum NGAL Is Superior to Cystatin C in Predicting the Prognosis of Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure. Ann Hepatol. 2019; 18(1):155-164. DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0012.7907. View

16.

Borkham-Kamphorst E, Van de Leur E, Zimmermann H, Karlmark K, Tihaa L, Haas U . Protective effects of lipocalin-2 (LCN2) in acute liver injury suggest a novel function in liver homeostasis. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013; 1832(5):660-73. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2013.01.014. View

17.

Soni S, Cruz D, Bobek I, Chionh C, Nalesso F, Lentini P . NGAL: a biomarker of acute kidney injury and other systemic conditions. Int Urol Nephrol. 2009; 42(1):141-50. DOI: 10.1007/s11255-009-9608-z. View

18.

Liu Q, Ryon J, Nilsen-Hamilton M . Uterocalin: a mouse acute phase protein expressed in the uterus around birth. Mol Reprod Dev. 1997; 46(4):507-14. DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199704)46:4<507::AID-MRD9>3.0.CO;2-S. View

19.

Naude P, Ramakers I, van der Flier W, Jiskoot L, Reesink F, Claassen J . Serum and cerebrospinal fluid Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels as biomarkers for the conversion from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease dementia. Neurobiol Aging. 2021; 107:1-10. DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.07.001. View

20.

Wasung M, Chawla L, Madero M . Biomarkers of renal function, which and when?. Clin Chim Acta. 2014; 438:350-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.08.039. View