Genome Assemblies of 11 Bamboo Species Highlight Diversification Induced by Dynamic Subgenome Dominance

Overview

Journal Nat Genet

Specialty Genetics

Date 2024 Mar 16

PMID 38491323

Authors

Peng-Fei Ma

Yun-Long Liu

Cen Guo

Guihua Jin

Zhen-Hua Guo

Ling Mao

Yi-Zhou Yang

Liang-Zhong Niu

Yu-Jiao Wang

Lynn G Clark

Elizabeth A Kellogg

Zu-Chang Xu

Xia-Ying Ye

Jing-Xia Liu

Meng-Yuan Zhou

Yan Luo

Yang Yang

Douglas E Soltis

Jeffrey L Bennetzen

Pamela S Soltis

De-Zhu Li

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Polyploidy (genome duplication) is a pivotal force in evolution. However, the interactions between parental genomes in a polyploid nucleus, frequently involving subgenome dominance, are poorly understood. Here we showcase analyses of a bamboo system (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) comprising a series of lineages from diploid (herbaceous) to tetraploid and hexaploid (woody), with 11 chromosome-level de novo genome assemblies and 476 transcriptome samples. We find that woody bamboo subgenomes exhibit stunning karyotype stability, with parallel subgenome dominance in the two tetraploid clades and a gradual shift of dominance in the hexaploid clade. Allopolyploidization and subgenome dominance have shaped the evolution of tree-like lignified culms, rapid growth and synchronous flowering characteristic of woody bamboos as large grasses. Our work provides insights into genome dominance in a remarkable polyploid system, including its dependence on genomic context and its ability to switch which subgenomes are dominant over evolutionary time.

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