The Effect of SARS-COV-2 Variant on Non-respiratory Features and Mortality Among Vaccinated and Non-fully Vaccinated Patients

Overview

Journal Vaccine

Specialty Allergy & Immunology

Date 2024 Mar 15

PMID 38490824

Authors

Shannon A Cotton

Ajan Subramanian

Thomas D Hughes

Yong Huang

Carmen Josefa Sierra

Alex K Pearce

Atul Malhotra

Amir M Rahmani

Charles A Downs

Melissa D Pinto

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objective: To determine the effect of SARS-CoV-2 variants on non-respiratory features of COVID-19 in vaccinated and not fully vaccinated patients using a University of California database.

Methods: A longitudinal retrospective review of medical records (n = 63,454) from 1/1/2020-4/26/2022 using the UCCORDS database was performed to compare non-respiratory features, vaccination status, and mortality between variants. Chi-square tests were used to study the relationship between categorical variables using a contingency matrix.

Results: Fever was the most common feature across all variants. Fever was significantly higher in not fully vaccinated during the Delta and Omicron waves (p = 0.001; p = 0.001). Cardiac features were statistically higher in not fully vaccinated during Omicron; tachycardia was only a feature of not fully vaccinated during Delta and Omicron; diabetes and GI reflux were features of all variants regardless of vaccine status. Odds of death were significantly increased among those not fully vaccinated in the Delta and Omicron variants (Delta OR: 1.64, p = 0.052; Omicron OR: 1.96, p < 0.01). Vaccination was associated with a decrease in the frequency of non-respiratory features.

Conclusions: Risk of non-respiratory features of COVID-19 is statistically higher in those not fully vaccinated across all variants. Risk of death and correlation with vaccination status varied.

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