Effect of Antihypertensive Medications on Sleep Status in Hypertensive Patients

Overview

Journal Sleep Biol Rhythms

Date 2024 Mar 12

PMID 38468617

Authors

Ziqian Zeng

Yanan Yang

Yuewen Zhang

Xiuming Wu

Weizhong Chen

Dongqing Gu

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Purpose: Antihypertensive medication is an effective way to control blood pressure. However, some studies reported that it may affect patients' sleep quality during the treatment. Due to the inconsistency of present results, a comprehensive systematic review and network meta-analysis are needed.

Methods: Electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, WEB OF SCIENCE, PUBMED) were searched up to April 10th, 2021 including no restriction of publication status. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-experimental studies or cohort studies were eligible. The network meta-analysis was used within a Bayesian framework.

Results: Finally, 16 publications (including 12 RCTs and 4 quasi-experimental studies) with 404 subjects were included in this study. Compared to placebo, the results of the network meta-analysis showed that diuretics were effective in improving sleep apnea with a mean difference (MD) of - 15.47 (95% confidence interval [CI]: - 23.56, - 6.59) which was consistent with the direct comparison result (MD: - 17.91; 95% CI - 21.60, - 14.23). In addition, diuretics were effective in increasing nocturnal oxygen saturation with an MD of 3.64 (95% CI 0.07, 7.46). However, the effects of β-blockers, calcium channel blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin-receptor blockers, and the others on sleep apnea were not statistically significant. Additionally, the effects of antihypertensive medication on the total sleep time (min), rapid eye movement (%), and sleep efficiency (%) were not statistically significant.

Conclusion: Our study found that diuretics could effectively reduce the severity of sleep apnea in hypertensive patients. However, the effects of antihypertensive drugs on sleep characteristics were not found.

Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s41105-022-00391-8.

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