Evaluation of Risk Factors for Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Overview

Journal J Educ Health Promot

Specialty Medical Education

Date 2024 Mar 11

PMID 38464628

Authors

Suthanthira Kannan

Maria Nelliyanil

Roopa Mendagudli

Swetha Rajeshwari

Chandralekha Kona

Rashmi Kundapur

Shreyaswi Sathyanath

Vaman Kulkarni

Sumit Aggarwal

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Introduction: NAFLD is emerging as an important cause of liver disease in India. It is estimated that 16-32% of general population in India (nearly 120 million) has NAFLD.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the risk factors of NAFLD and to identify the association of lifestyle (dietary and physical activity), genetic, and environmental factors with NAFLD in India.

Materials And Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using an international electronic database: PubMed (MEDLINE) and Google Scholar from the date of inception 31 March 2021 to 28 September 2021. We included studies examining patients with NAFLD: Adults above 18 years of age. Studies with or without a control population were both eligible. The studies with a diagnosis of NAFLD based solely on abnormal liver tests were excluded. We tried to get unpublished data but they were not of the quality of inclusion. Meta-analysis was performed using the software STATA 14.2 (StataCorp, College Station, TX, USA). For each of the studies, the standard error was calculated using the reported number of outcomes and the sample size. A forest plot was used to graphically represent the study-specific and pooled prevalence estimates for overall and subgroup analysis.

Results: In a systematic review and meta-analysis of 8 studies including data from over 1800 individuals, we found that among components of lipid profile, LDL and HDL had a negative effects on NAFLD while triglycerides had a positive effect on NAFLD.

Conclusion: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, and Obesity were the potential risk factors for NAFLD but the evidence generated was only from single studies.

Citing Articles

Incidence of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)/Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) in the Female Population of North Karnataka: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Desai G, Hajare S, Ghorpade S Cureus. 2024; 16(8):e66257.

PMID: 39238753 PMC: 11375481. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.66257.

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