Characterizing Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) Belly Syndrome in Preterm Infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)

Overview

Journal J Perinatol

Specialty Gynecology & Obstetrics

Date 2024 Mar 6

PMID 38448640

Authors

Hannah Gu

Jayne Seekins

Victor Ritter

Louis P Halamek

James K Wall

Janene H Fuerch

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objective: Reproducibly define CPAP Belly Syndrome (CBS) in preterm infants and describe associated demographics, mechanical factors, and outcomes.

Study Design: A retrospective case-control study was conducted in infants <32 weeks gestation in the Stanford Children's NICU from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2021. CBS was radiographically defined by a pediatric radiologist. Data analysis included descriptive statistics and comparator tests.

Results: Analysis included 41 infants with CBS and 69 infants without. CBS was associated with younger gestational age (median 27.7 vs 30 weeks, p < 0.001) and lower birthweight (median 1.00 vs 1.31 kg, p < 0.001). Infants with CBS were more likely to receive bilevel respiratory support and higher positive end expiratory pressure. Infants with CBS took longer to advance enteral feeds (median 10 vs 7 days, p = 0.003) and were exposed to more abdominal radiographs.

Conclusions: Future CBS therapies should target small infants, prevent air entry from above, and aim to reduce time to full enteral feeds and radiographic exposure.

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