Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Gene Fusion Solid Tumors

The fusion genes and , members of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor family, have emerged as key drivers in cancer. Upon fusion, retains its EGF-like active domain, binds to the ERBB ligand family, and triggers intracellular signaling cascades, promoting uncontrolled cell proliferation. The incidence of gene fusion varies across cancer types, with lung cancer being the most prevalent at 0.19 to 0.27%. CD74 and SLC3A2 are the most frequently observed fusion partners. RNA-based next-generation sequencing is the primary method for detecting and gene fusions, whereas pERBB3 immunohistochemistry can serve as a rapid prescreening tool for identifying -positive patients. Currently, there are no approved targeted drugs for and . Common treatment approaches involve pan-ERBB inhibitors, small molecule inhibitors targeting ERBB2 or ERBB3, and monoclonal antibodies. Given the current landscape of and in solid tumors, a consensus among diagnostic and treatment experts is proposed, and clinical trials hold promise for benefiting more patients with and gene fusion solid tumors.