Silicon Attenuates Aluminum Toxicity in Sugarcane Plants by Modifying Growth, Roots Morphoanatomy, Photosynthetic Pigments, and Gas Exchange Parameters

Overview

Journal Sci Rep

Specialty Science

Date 2024 Feb 27

PMID 38413655

Authors

Gilmar da Silveira Sousa Junior

Alexander Calero Hurtado

Rita de Cassia Alves

Eduardo Custodio Gasparino

Durvalina Maria Mathias Dos Santos

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Aluminum (Al) inhibits growth and limits plant productivity in acidic soils. An important strategy to increase Al tolerance is the use of silicon (Si) nutrition. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the interactive role of Si in increasing the growth, physiological and morphoanatomy responses of sugarcane plants under Al toxicity. A 4 × 2 factorial scheme in a completely randomized design was used to study the impact of Si (2 mM) on attenuating Al toxicity (0, 10, 15 and 20 mg L, as Al(SO)·18HO) in sugarcane seedlings. After 45 days, Al toxicity affected sugarcane growth by increasing Al uptake and accumulation, modifying root growth, thickness, and morphoanatomy, and decreasing pigment content, gas exchange parameters, and the number of adaxial and abaxial stomata. However, Si attenuated Al toxicity in the sugarcane seedlings by limiting Al uptake and transport to the shoots, causing positive changes in root morphoanatomy, higher pigment content, improving gas exchange parameters, thereby increased growth. Furthermore, cultivar 'CTC9003' showed beneficial impacts from Si supplementation than 'CTC9002', especially under Al toxicity. The findings of this study suggest that Si plays a notable role in improving anatomical and physiological aspects, particularly the growth of sugarcane seedlings under Al toxicity.

Citing Articles

Exogenous silicon alleviates aluminum stress in Eucalyptus species by enhancing the antioxidant capacity and improving plant growth and tolerance quality.

Huang L, Li H, Luo Y, Shi J, Kong L, Teng W BMC Plant Biol. 2024; 24(1):997.

PMID: 39443879 PMC: 11515708. DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05723-z.

References

Kopittke P, Gianoncelli A, Kourousias G, Green K, McKenna B . Alleviation of Al Toxicity by Si Is Associated with the Formation of Al-Si Complexes in Root Tissues of Sorghum. Front Plant Sci. 2018; 8:2189. PMC: 5742621. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02189. View

Hurtado A, Chiconato D, Prado R, da Silveira Sousa Junior G, Gratao P, Felisberto G . Different methods of silicon application attenuate salt stress in sorghum and sunflower by modifying the antioxidative defense mechanism. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2020; 203:110964. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110964. View

Wang Y, Stass A, Horst W . Apoplastic binding of aluminum is involved in silicon-induced amelioration of aluminum toxicity in maize. Plant Physiol. 2004; 136(3):3762-70. PMC: 527173. DOI: 10.1104/pp.104.045005. View

Jiang D, Wu H, Cai H, Chen G . Silicon confers aluminium tolerance in rice via cell wall modification in the root transition zone. Plant Cell Environ. 2022; 45(6):1765-1778. DOI: 10.1111/pce.14307. View

Yamamoto Y, Kobayashi Y, Rama Devi S, Rikiishi S, Matsumoto H . Aluminum toxicity is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and the production of reactive oxygen species in plant cells. Plant Physiol. 2002; 128(1):63-72. PMC: 148944. View

da Silva J, Prado R, Alves T, Lata-Tenesaca L, Soares M . New strategy for silicon supply through fertigation in sugarcane integrating the pre-sprouted seedling phase and field cultivation. Sci Rep. 2023; 13(1):1230. PMC: 9867700. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27323-3. View

Frazao J, Prado R, de Souza Junior J, Rossatto D . Silicon changes C:N:P stoichiometry of sugarcane and its consequences for photosynthesis, biomass partitioning and plant growth. Sci Rep. 2020; 10(1):12492. PMC: 7385645. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69310-6. View

Jiang D, Xu H, Zhang Y, Chen G . Silicon mediated redox homeostasis in the root-apex transition zone of rice plays a key role in aluminum tolerance. Plant Physiol Biochem. 2023; 201:107871. DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107871. View

Zargar S, Mahajan R, Bhat J, Nazir M, Deshmukh R . Role of silicon in plant stress tolerance: opportunities to achieve a sustainable cropping system. 3 Biotech. 2019; 9(3):73. PMC: 6368905. DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1613-z. View

10.

Tabaldi L, Cargnelutti D, Goncalves J, Pereira L, Castro G, Maldaner J . Oxidative stress is an early symptom triggered by aluminum in Al-sensitive potato plantlets. Chemosphere. 2009; 76(10):1402-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.06.011. View

11.

Singh V, Tripathi D, Kumar D, Chauhan D . Influence of exogenous silicon addition on aluminium tolerance in rice seedlings. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2011; 144(1-3):1260-74. DOI: 10.1007/s12011-011-9118-6. View

12.

Farouk S, Elhindi K, Alotaibi M . Silicon supplementation mitigates salinity stress on Ocimum basilicum L. via improving water balance, ion homeostasis, and antioxidant defense system. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2020; 206:111396. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111396. View

13.

Malangisha G, Yang Y, Moustafa-Farag M, Fu Q, Shao W, Wang J . Subcellular distribution of aluminum associated with differential cell ultra-structure, mineral uptake, and antioxidant enzymes in root of two different Al-resistance watermelon cultivars. Plant Physiol Biochem. 2020; 155:613-625. DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.06.045. View

14.

Emamverdian A, Ding Y, Xie Y, Sangari S . Silicon Mechanisms to Ameliorate Heavy Metal Stress in Plants. Biomed Res Int. 2018; 2018:8492898. PMC: 5937581. DOI: 10.1155/2018/8492898. View

15.

Kochian L, Hoekenga O, Pineros M . How do crop plants tolerate acid soils? Mechanisms of aluminum tolerance and phosphorous efficiency. Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2004; 55:459-93. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.arplant.55.031903.141655. View

16.

Shetty R, Vidya C, Prakash N, Lux A, Vaculik M . Aluminum toxicity in plants and its possible mitigation in acid soils by biochar: A review. Sci Total Environ. 2020; 765:142744. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142744. View

17.

Bojorquez-Quintal E, Escalante-Magana C, Echevarria-Machado I, Martinez-Estevez M . Aluminum, a Friend or Foe of Higher Plants in Acid Soils. Front Plant Sci. 2017; 8:1767. PMC: 5643487. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01767. View

18.

Khan A, Kamran M, Imran M, Al-Harrasi A, Al-Rawahi A, Al-Amri I . Silicon and salicylic acid confer high-pH stress tolerance in tomato seedlings. Sci Rep. 2019; 9(1):19788. PMC: 6930214. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55651-4. View

19.

Xiao Z, Ye M, Gao Z, Jiang Y, Zhang X, Nikolic N . Silicon Reduces Aluminum-Induced Suberization by Inhibiting the Uptake and Transport of Aluminum in Rice Roots and Consequently Promotes Root Growth. Plant Cell Physiol. 2022; 63(3):340-352. DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac001. View

20.

Vaculik M, Lukacova Z, Bokor B, Martinka M, Tripathi D, Lux A . Alleviation mechanisms of metal(loid) stress in plants by silicon: a review. J Exp Bot. 2020; 71(21):6744-6757. DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa288. View