Network Meta-Analysis Indicates Superior Effects of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Preventing the Transition to Psychosis in Individuals at Clinical High-Risk

Overview

Journal Int J Neuropsychopharmacol

Publisher Oxford University Press

Specialty Psychiatry

Date 2024 Feb 26

PMID 38408281

Authors

Chengfeng Chen

Yongyan Deng

Yuling Li

Meiting Zhang

Tong Yu

Kun Xie

Wuyou Bao

Peiying Li

Ling Sun

TianHong Zhang

Yikang Zhu

Bin Zhang

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: The efficacy of pharmacological and nutritional interventions in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P) remains elusive. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of pharmacological and nutritional interventions in CHR-P and whether these interventions can enhance the efficacy of psychological treatments.

Methods: We systematically reviewed data from 5 databases until July 24, 2021: PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and WanFang Data. The primary outcome was the transition to psychosis. Network meta-analyses were conducted at 3 time points (6, 12, and ≥24 months) considering both pharmacological/nutritional interventions alone and its combination with psychotherapy.

Results: Out of 11 417 identified references, 21 studies were included, comprising 1983 participants. CHR-P participants receiving omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids treatment were associated with a lower probability of transition compared with placebo/control at 6 months (odds ratio [OR] = 0.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] = .01 to .054), 12 months (OR = 0.14, 95% CI = .03 to .66), and ≥24 months (OR = 0.16, 95% CI = .05 to .54). Moreover, risperidone plus psychotherapy was associated with a lower likelihood of transition at 6 months compared with placebo/control plus psychotherapy, but this result was not sustained over longer durations.

Conclusion: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids helped in preventing transitions to psychosis compared with controls.

Prospero Registration Number: CRD42021256209.

Citing Articles

Relationships between erythrocyte membrane mono- and poly- unsaturated fatty acid composition and clinical/cognitive indices in antipsychotic-free schizophrenia patients.

Higuchi Y, Takahashi T, Itoh H, Sasabayashi D, Sumiyoshi T, Suzuki M Front Psychiatry. 2024; 15:1361997.

PMID: 38716119 PMC: 11074381. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1361997.

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