Association Between Animal Protein Intake, Oral Frailty and Calf Circumference in Middle-aged and Older Adults: a Cross-sectional Analysis from the Shika Study

Overview

Journal BMJ Open

Specialty General Medicine

Date 2024 Feb 16

PMID 38365294

Authors

Fumihiko Suzuki

Shigefumi Okamoto

Shingo Nakai

Sakae Miyagi

Hiromasa Tsujiguchi

Akinori Hara

Thao Thi Thu Nguyen

Yukari Shimizu

Koichiro Hayashi

Keita Suzuki

Tomoko Kasahara

Masaharu Nakamura

Chie Takazawa

Aya Ogawa

Aki Shibata

Takayuki Kannon

Atsushi Tajima

Hirohito Tsuboi

Noriyoshi Ogino

Tadashi Konoshita

Toshinari Takamura

Kuniko Sato

Hiroyuki Nakamura

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the relationship between oral frailty (OF), nutrient intake and calf circumference (CC) in middle-aged and older adults.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Residents of four model districts of Shika town, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan, using data from November 2017 to February 2018.

Participants: One hundred and ninety-four residents aged ≥50 years in four model districts of Shika town. The OF total score ≥3 was defined as OF. Participants were divided into OF and non-OF groups and divided into the low-CC/kg and the high-CC/kg groups.

Outcome Measures: The primary outcome is to use a two-way analysis of covariance to analyse the interaction between the two CC/kg groups and the two OF groups on nutrition intake. The secondary outcome is to use multiple regression analysis to investigate the nutrients significantly related to CC/kg when stratified by OF, with age, sex, body mass index, drinking status, smoking status and regular exercise as input covariates.

Results: A two-way analysis of covariance revealed a significant interaction between the two CC/kg groups and the two OF groups on animal protein intake (p=0.039). Multiple comparisons using the Bonferroni analysis revealed a significantly lower animal protein intake in the OF group than in the non-OF group with a low CC/kg (p=0.033) but not in the group with a high CC/kg. The multiple regression analysis stratified by OF revealed a positive correlation between animal protein intake and CC/kg (p=0.002).

Conclusions: The present results revealed a significantly lower animal protein intake in the OF group than in the non-OF group in the low-CC/kg group, but no such difference was observed in the high-CC/kg group. Further longitudinal studies are needed to elucidate this relationship.

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