Polydopamine-assisted Aptamer-carrying Tetrahedral DNA Microelectrode Sensor for Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Detection of Exosomes

Overview

Journal J Nanobiotechnology

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Biotechnology

Date 2024 Feb 8

PMID 38331774

Authors

Bowen Jiang

Tenghua Zhang

Silan Liu

Yan Sheng

Jiaming Hu

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles (30-160 nm) with endosome origin secreted by almost all types of cells, which are considered to be messengers of intercellular communication. Cancerous exosomes serve as a rich source of biomarkers for monitoring changes in cancer-related physiological status, because they carry a large number of biological macromolecules derived from parental tumors. The ultrasensitive quantification of trace amounts of cancerous exosomes is highly valuable for non-invasive early cancer diagnosis, yet it remains challenging. Herein, we developed an aptamer-carrying tetrahedral DNA (Apt-TDNA) microelectrode sensor, assisted by a polydopamine (PDA) coating with semiconducting properties, for the ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of cancer-derived exosomes.

Results: The stable rigid structure and orientation of Apt-TDNA ensured efficient capture of suspended exosomes. Without PDA coating signal amplification strategy, the sensor has a linear working range of 10-10 particles mL, with LOD of ~ 69 exosomes and ~ 42 exosomes for EIS and DPV, respectively. With PDA coating, the electrochemical signal of the microelectrode is further amplified, achieving single particle level sensitivity (~ 14 exosomes by EIS and ~ 6 exosomes by DPV).

Conclusions: The proposed PDA-assisted Apt-TDNA microelectrode sensor, which integrates efficient exosome capture, sensitive electrochemical signal feedback with PDA coating signal amplification, provides a new avenue for the development of simple and sensitive electrochemical sensing techniques in non-invasive cancer diagnosis and monitoring treatment response.

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