Prevalence of Beijing Central Asian/Russian Cluster 94-32 Among Multidrug-Resistant in Kazakhstan

The Beijing genotype is the most distributed family in Kazakhstan. In this study, we identified dominant Beijing clusters in Kazakhstan and assessed their drug susceptibility profiles and association with the most widely spread mutation Ser531Leu of the gene and the mutation Ser315Thr of the gene associated with resistance to rifampicin and isoniazid, respectively. isolates ( = 540) from new TB cases were included in the study. MIRU-VNTR genotyping was performed for 540 clinical isolates to determine families using 24 loci. RD analysis was additionally performed for the Beijing isolates. The identification of mutations in the drug-resistance genes of was performed with allele-specific real-time PCR and Sanger sequencing. The Beijing genotype was identified in 60% (324/540) of the clinical isolates. Central Asian/Russian cluster 94-32 was the most distributed cluster among the Beijing isolates (50.3%; 163/324). Three other dominant Beijing clusters were identified as 94-33 (3.4%; 11/324), 100-32 (3.1%; 10/324) and 99-32 (3.1%; 10/324). The Beijing genotype was associated with drug-resistant TB < 0.0001), including multidrug-resistant TB < 0.0001), in our study. An association of the mutation Ser531Leu of the gene with the Beijing genotype was found ( < 0.0001; OR = 16.0000; 95%CI: 4.9161-52.0740). Among the Beijing isolates, cluster 94-32 showed an association with MDR-TB ( = 0.021). This is why the evaluation of the Beijing genotype and its clusters is needed to control MDR-TB in Kazakhstan.