Outline and Validation of a New Dispatcher-assisted Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Educational Bundle Using the Delphi Method

Overview

Journal Resusc Plus

Date 2024 Jan 25

PMID 38268848

Authors

Andreas Claesson

Hakan Hult

Gabriel Riva

Fredrik Byrsell

Thomas Hermansson

Leif Svensson

Therese Djarv

Mattias Ringh

Per Nordberg

Martin Jonsson

Sune Forsberg

Jacob Hollenberg

Anette Nord

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Aim: Dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation (DA-CPR) is time-dependent. To date, evidence-based training programmes for dispatchers are lacking. This study aimed to reach expert consensus on an educational bundle content for dispatchers to provide DA-CPR using the Delphi method.

Method: An educational bundle was created by the Swedish Resuscitation Council consisting of three parts: e-learning on DA-CPR, basic life support training and audit of emergency out-of-hospital cardiac arrest calls. Thereafter, a two-round modified Delphi study was conducted between November 2022 and March 2023; 37 experts with broad clinical and/or scientific knowledge of DA-CPR were invited. In the first round, the experts participated in the e-learning module and answered a questionnaire with 13 closed and open questions, whereafter the e-learning part of the bundle was revised. In the second round, the revised e-learning part was evaluated using Likert scores (20 items). The predefined consensus level was set at 80%.

Results: Delphi rounds one and two were assessed by 20 and 18 of the invited experts, respectively. In round one, 18 experts (18 of 20, 90%) stated that they did not miss any content in the programme. In round two, the scale-level content validity index based on the average method (S-CVI/AVE, 0.99) and scale-level content validity index based on universal agreement (S-CVI/UA, 0.85) exceeded the threshold level of 80%.

Conclusion: Expert consensus on the educational bundle content was reached using the Delphi method. Further work is required to evaluate its effect in real-world out-of-hospital cardiac arrest calls.

Citing Articles

Development of a basic evaluation model for manual therapy learning in rehabilitation students based on the Delphi method.

Ziyi W, Supo Z, Bialas M BMC Med Educ. 2024; 24(1):964.

PMID: 39232741 PMC: 11373307. DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05932-y.

References

Elo S, Kyngas H . The qualitative content analysis process. J Adv Nurs. 2008; 62(1):107-15. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04569.x. View

Olasveengen T, Semeraro F, Ristagno G, Castren M, Handley A, Kuzovlev A . European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Basic Life Support. Resuscitation. 2021; 161:98-114. DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2021.02.009. View

Hardeland C, Skare C, Kramer-Johansen J, Birkenes T, Myklebust H, Hansen A . Targeted simulation and education to improve cardiac arrest recognition and telephone assisted CPR in an emergency medical communication centre. Resuscitation. 2017; 114:21-26. DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2017.02.013. View

Bohm K, Stalhandske B, Rosenqvist M, Ulfvarson J, Hollenberg J, Svensson L . Tuition of emergency medical dispatchers in the recognition of agonal respiration increases the use of telephone assisted CPR. Resuscitation. 2009; 80(9):1025-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2009.06.004. View

Tanaka Y, Taniguchi J, Wato Y, Yoshida Y, Inaba H . The continuous quality improvement project for telephone-assisted instruction of cardiopulmonary resuscitation increased the incidence of bystander CPR and improved the outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests. Resuscitation. 2012; 83(10):1235-41. DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2012.02.013. View

Otero-Agra M, Varela-Casal C, Castillo-Pereiro N, Casillas-Cabana M, San Roman-Mata S, Barcala-Furelos R . [Can we train the chain of survival while playing? Validation of the tool «Rescube»]. An Pediatr (Engl Ed). 2020; 94(4):213-222. DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.07.009. View

McPherson S, Reese C, Cecilia Wendler M . Methodology Update: Delphi Studies. Nurs Res. 2018; 67(5):404-410. DOI: 10.1097/NNR.0000000000000297. View

Lewis M, Stubbs B, Eisenberg M . Dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation: time to identify cardiac arrest and deliver chest compression instructions. Circulation. 2013; 128(14):1522-30. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.002627. View

Meischke H, Painter I, Stangenes S, Weaver M, Fahrenbruch C, Rea T . Simulation training to improve 9-1-1 dispatcher identification of cardiac arrest: A randomized controlled trial. Resuscitation. 2017; 119:21-26. DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2017.07.025. View

10.

Hardeland C, Claesson A, Blom M, Blomberg S, Folke F, Hollenberg J . Description of call handling in emergency medical dispatch centres in Scandinavia: recognition of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests and dispatcher-assisted CPR. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2021; 29(1):88. PMC: 8247132. DOI: 10.1186/s13049-021-00903-4. View

11.

Sutton R, Niles D, Meaney P, Aplenc R, French B, Abella B . Low-dose, high-frequency CPR training improves skill retention of in-hospital pediatric providers. Pediatrics. 2011; 128(1):e145-51. PMC: 3387915. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2010-2105. View

12.

Keeney S, Hasson F, McKenna H . Consulting the oracle: ten lessons from using the Delphi technique in nursing research. J Adv Nurs. 2006; 53(2):205-12. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2006.03716.x. View

13.

Soreide E, Morrison L, Hillman K, Monsieurs K, Sunde K, Zideman D . The formula for survival in resuscitation. Resuscitation. 2013; 84(11):1487-93. DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2013.07.020. View

14.

Greif R, Lockey A, Breckwoldt J, Carmona F, Conaghan P, Kuzovlev A . European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Education for resuscitation. Resuscitation. 2021; 161:388-407. DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2021.02.016. View

15.

Kielo-Viljamaa E, Viljamaa J, Suhonen R, Salminen L, Stolt M . Learning goals and content for wound care education in Finnish nursing education - A Delphi study. Nurse Educ Today. 2022; 110:105278. DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2022.105278. View

16.

Dami F, Heymann E, Pasquier M, Fuchs V, Carron P, Hugli O . Time to identify cardiac arrest and provide dispatch-assisted cardio-pulmonary resuscitation in a criteria-based dispatch system. Resuscitation. 2015; 97:27-33. DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2015.09.390. View

17.

Byrsell F, Claesson A, Jonsson M, Ringh M, Svensson L, Nordberg P . Swedish dispatchers' compliance with the American Heart Association performance goals for dispatch-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation and its association with survival in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A retrospective study. Resusc Plus. 2022; 9:100190. PMC: 9076962. DOI: 10.1016/j.resplu.2021.100190. View

18.

Lynn M . Determination and quantification of content validity. Nurs Res. 1986; 35(6):382-5. View

19.

Kurz M, Bobrow B, Buckingham J, Cabanas J, Eisenberg M, Fromm P . Telecommunicator Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Policy Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2020; 141(12):e686-e700. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000744. View

20.

Wan F, Yang L, Zhou N, He Y . Construction of learning objectives and content for newly graduated nurses in tertiary teaching hospitals: A Delphi study. Nurse Educ Today. 2023; 121:105716. DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2023.105716. View