Measures for Identifying Malnutrition in Geriatric Rehabilitation: A Scoping Review

Overview

Journal Nutrients

Date 2024 Jan 23

PMID 38257116

Authors

Shinta Nishioka

Yoji Kokura

Ryo Momosaki

Yutaka Taketani

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Malnutrition is a common condition in geriatric rehabilitation settings; however, the accuracy and predictive validity of the measures to identify malnutrition have not been established. The current scoping review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute's evidence synthesis manual and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews checklist. Literature published through September 2023 was searched using MEDLINE and CINAHL. The inclusion criteria selected studies reporting malnutrition measures, which include static body weight and weight loss. Identified tools were classified as nutritional screening tools, nutritional assessment tools, or diagnostic criteria. The domains of each tool/criterion and their accuracy and predictive validity were extracted. Fifty-six articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria, and six nutritional screening tools, three nutritional assessment tools, and three diagnostic criteria for malnutrition were identified. These measures consisted of various phenotypes, e.g., weight loss, causes such as inflammation/disease, and risk factors of malnutrition, e.g., functional impairment. The predictive validity of nutritional screening tools ( = 6) and malnutrition diagnostic criteria ( = 5) were inconsistently reported, whereas those for nutritional assessment tools were scarce ( = 1). These findings highlight the need to distinguish the functional impairment of nutritional origin from that of non-nutritional origin in nutritional assessment procedures, and the need to study the accuracy and the predictive validity of these measures in geriatric rehabilitation patients.

References

Nishioka S, Wakabayashi H . Interaction between malnutrition and physical disability in older adults: is there a malnutrition-disability cycle?. Nutr Rev. 2022; 81(2):191-205. DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuac047. View

Ogawa T, Onaga A, Oshiro N, Oshiro A, Kitagawa Y, Taira Y . Older patients with less skeletal muscle mass gain more skeletal muscle in rehabilitation wards after fractures. Eur Geriatr Med. 2021; 13(3):615-622. DOI: 10.1007/s41999-021-00596-z. View

Bellelli G, Bernardini B, Pievani M, Frisoni G, Guaita A, Trabucchi M . A score to predict the development of adverse clinical events after transition from acute hospital wards to post-acute care settings. Rejuvenation Res. 2012; 15(6):553-63. DOI: 10.1089/rej.2012.1332. View

Tricco A, Lillie E, Zarin W, OBrien K, Colquhoun H, Levac D . PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation. Ann Intern Med. 2018; 169(7):467-473. DOI: 10.7326/M18-0850. View

Nishioka S, Omagari K, Nishioka E, Mori N, Taketani Y, Kayashita J . Concurrent and predictive validity of the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short-Form and the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index in older stroke rehabilitation patients. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2019; 33(1):12-22. DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12699. View

OLeary F, Flood V, Petocz P, Allman-Farinelli M, Samman S . B vitamin status, dietary intake and length of stay in a sample of elderly rehabilitation patients. J Nutr Health Aging. 2011; 15(6):485-9. DOI: 10.1007/s12603-010-0330-4. View

Nishioka S, Wakabayashi H, Momosaki R . Nutritional Status Changes and Activities of Daily Living after Hip Fracture in Convalescent Rehabilitation Units: A Retrospective Observational Cohort Study from the Japan Rehabilitation Nutrition Database. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2018; 118(7):1270-1276. DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2018.02.012. View

Cederholm T, Bosaeus I, Barazzoni R, Bauer J, Van Gossum A, Klek S . Diagnostic criteria for malnutrition - An ESPEN Consensus Statement. Clin Nutr. 2015; 34(3):335-40. DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2015.03.001. View

Ottery F . Definition of standardized nutritional assessment and interventional pathways in oncology. Nutrition. 1996; 12(1 Suppl):S15-9. DOI: 10.1016/0899-9007(96)90011-8. View

10.

Sanchez-Rodriguez D, Marco E, Ronquillo-Moreno N, Miralles R, Vazquez-Ibar O, Escalada F . Prevalence of malnutrition and sarcopenia in a post-acute care geriatric unit: Applying the new ESPEN definition and EWGSOP criteria. Clin Nutr. 2016; 36(5):1339-1344. DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.08.024. View

11.

De van der Schueren M, Keller H, Cederholm T, Barazzoni R, Compher C, Correia M . Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM): Guidance on validation of the operational criteria for the diagnosis of protein-energy malnutrition in adults. Clin Nutr. 2020; 39(9):2872-2880. DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.12.022. View

12.

Nishioka S, Wakabayashi H, Kayashita J, Taketani Y, Momosaki R . Predictive validity of the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short-Form for rehabilitation patients: A retrospective analysis of the Japan Rehabilitation Nutrition Database. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2021; 34(5):881-889. DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12887. View

13.

Bouillanne O, Neveux N, Nicolis I, Curis E, Cynober L, Aussel C . Long-lasting improved amino acid bioavailability associated with protein pulse feeding in hospitalized elderly patients: a randomized controlled trial. Nutrition. 2013; 30(5):544-50. DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2013.10.006. View

14.

Miyai I, Sonoda S, Nagai S, Takayama Y, Inoue Y, Kakehi A . Results of new policies for inpatient rehabilitation coverage in Japan. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2011; 25(6):540-7. DOI: 10.1177/1545968311402696. View

15.

Nishioka S, Wakabayashi H, Nishioka E, Yoshida T, Mori N, Watanabe R . Nutritional Improvement Correlates with Recovery of Activities of Daily Living among Malnourished Elderly Stroke Patients in the Convalescent Stage: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2016; 116(5):837-43. DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2015.09.014. View

16.

Thiam C, Mathavan S, Abdullah A, Chong E . Malnutrition among patients admitted to the subacute geriatric ward during the COVID-19 pandemic era: A cross-sectional study in a tertiary hospital in Malaysia. Med J Malaysia. 2022; 77(3):313-319. View

17.

Marshall S, Young A, Bauer J, Isenring E . Malnutrition in Geriatric Rehabilitation: Prevalence, Patient Outcomes, and Criterion Validity of the Scored Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment and the Mini Nutritional Assessment. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2015; 116(5):785-94. DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2015.06.013. View

18.

Shimizu A, Maeda K, Tanaka K, Ogawa M, Kayashita J . Texture-modified diets are associated with decreased muscle mass in older adults admitted to a rehabilitation ward. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2017; 18(5):698-704. DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13233. View

19.

Guigoz Y . The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) review of the literature--What does it tell us?. J Nutr Health Aging. 2006; 10(6):466-85. View

20.

Sanchez-Rodriguez D, Marco E, Meza-Valderrama D, Davalos-Yerovi V, Duarte E . Taking a step toward implementation of Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria in geriatric rehabilitation. Eur Geriatr Med. 2020; 11(3):349-352. DOI: 10.1007/s41999-020-00325-y. View