Position Statement on the Use of Myocardial Strain in Cardiology Routines by the Brazilian Society of Cardiology's Department Of Cardiovascular Imaging - 2023

Central Illustration : Position Statement on the Use of Myocardial Strain in Cardiology Routines by the Brazilian Society of Cardiology's Department Of Cardiovascular Imaging - 2023 Proposal for including strain in the integrated diastolic function assessment algorithm, adapted from Nagueh et al.67 Am: mitral A-wave duration; Ap: reverse pulmonary A-wave duration; DD: diastolic dysfunction; LA: left atrium; LASr: LA strain reserve; LVGLS: left ventricular global longitudinal strain; TI: tricuspid insufficiency. Confirm concentric remodeling with LVGLS. In LVEF, mitral E wave deceleration time < 160 ms and pulmonary S-wave < D-wave are also parameters of increased filling pressure. This algorithm does not apply to patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), mitral annulus calcification, > mild mitral valve disease, left bundle branch block, paced rhythm, prosthetic valves, or severe primary pulmonary hypertension.

Citing Articles

Comparative Analysis of Conventional and Speckle Tracking Echocardiographic Variables between Patients with Unrejected Heart Transplants and Healthy Individuals.

DallOrto A, Otto M, Leite S, Mauricio Filho M, Martins N, Araujo S Arq Bras Cardiol. 2024; 121(8):e20230681.

PMID: 39194042 PMC: 11463340. DOI: 10.36660/abc.20230681.

Advancing the Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Call for Exercise Hemodynamics.

Hortegal R, Feres F Arq Bras Cardiol. 2024; 121(7):e20230845.

PMID: 39166565 PMC: 11464094. DOI: 10.36660/abc.20230845.

Left ventricular and atrial myocardial strain in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: the evidence so far and prospects for phenotyping strategy.

Shinzato M, Santos N, Nishida G, Moriya H, Assef J, Feres F Cardiovasc Ultrasound. 2024; 22(1):4.

PMID: 38433236 PMC: 10910762. DOI: 10.1186/s12947-024-00323-1.

Enhancing Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy Detection and Risk Stratification: Insights from Advanced Echocardiographic Techniques.

Olivetti N, Sacilotto L, Moleta D, Franca L, Squassante Capeline L, Wulkan F Diagnostics (Basel). 2024; 14(2).

PMID: 38248027 PMC: 10814792. DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14020150.

References

Guichard J, Nattel S . Atrial Cardiomyopathy: A Useful Notion in Cardiac Disease Management or a Passing Fad?. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017; 70(6):756-765. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.06.033. View

Nakano S, Takahashi M, Kimura F, Senoo T, Saeki T, Ueda S . Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging-based myocardial strain study for evaluation of cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab: A pilot study to evaluate the feasibility of the method. Cardiol J. 2016; 23(3):270-80. DOI: 10.5603/CJ.a2016.0023. View

Badami V, Reece J, Sengupta S . Biventricular thrombosis in a young male. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019; 20(10):1179. DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez064. View

Dokainish H, Sengupta R, Pillai M, Bobek J, Lakkis N . Usefulness of new diastolic strain and strain rate indexes for the estimation of left ventricular filling pressure. Am J Cardiol. 2008; 101(10):1504-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2008.01.037. View

Gjesdal O, Remme E, Opdahl A, Skulstad H, Russell K, Kongsgaard E . Mechanisms of abnormal systolic motion of the interventricular septum during left bundle-branch block. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2011; 4(3):264-73. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.110.961417. View

DAndrea A, Caso P, Romano S, Scarafile R, Cuomo S, Salerno G . Association between left atrial myocardial function and exercise capacity in patients with either idiopathic or ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy: a two-dimensional speckle strain study. Int J Cardiol. 2008; 132(3):354-63. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2007.11.102. View

Badran H, Faheem N, Ibrahim W, Elnoamany M, Elsedi M, Yacoub M . Systolic function reserve using two-dimensional strain imaging in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: comparison with essential hypertension. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2013; 26(12):1397-406. DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2013.08.026. View

Santoro C, Arpino G, Esposito R, Lembo M, Paciolla I, Cardalesi C . 2D and 3D strain for detection of subclinical anthracycline cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients: a balance with feasibility. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017; 18(8):930-936. DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jex033. View

Chung E, Leon A, Tavazzi L, Sun J, Nihoyannopoulos P, Merlino J . Results of the Predictors of Response to CRT (PROSPECT) trial. Circulation. 2008; 117(20):2608-16. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.743120. View

10.

Contaldi C, Imbriaco M, Alcidi G, Ponsiglione A, Santoro C, Puglia M . Assessment of the relationships between left ventricular filling pressures and longitudinal dysfunction with myocardial fibrosis in uncomplicated hypertensive patients. Int J Cardiol. 2015; 202:84-6. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.08.153. View

11.

Cheng S, McCabe E, Larson M, Merz A, Osypiuk E, Lehman B . Distinct Aspects of Left Ventricular Mechanical Function Are Differentially Associated With Cardiovascular Outcomes and All-Cause Mortality in the Community. J Am Heart Assoc. 2015; 4(10):e002071. PMC: 4845131. DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.115.002071. View

12.

Huntjens P, Zhang K, Soyama Y, Karmpalioti M, Lenihan D, Gorcsan 3rd J . Prognostic Utility of Echocardiographic Atrial and Ventricular Strain Imaging in Patients With Cardiac Amyloidosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2021; 14(8):1508-1519. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2021.01.016. View

13.

Cardinale D, Colombo A, Bacchiani G, Tedeschi I, Meroni C, Veglia F . Early detection of anthracycline cardiotoxicity and improvement with heart failure therapy. Circulation. 2015; 131(22):1981-8. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.013777. View

14.

Edwards N, Scalia G, Shiino K, Sabapathy S, Anderson B, Chamberlain R . Global Myocardial Work Is Superior to Global Longitudinal Strain to Predict Significant Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Normal Left Ventricular Function and Wall Motion. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2019; 32(8):947-957. DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2019.02.014. View

15.

Amundsen B, Helle-Valle T, Edvardsen T, Torp H, Crosby J, Lyseggen E . Noninvasive myocardial strain measurement by speckle tracking echocardiography: validation against sonomicrometry and tagged magnetic resonance imaging. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006; 47(4):789-93. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2005.10.040. View

16.

Gianrossi R, Detrano R, Mulvihill D, Lehmann K, Dubach P, Colombo A . Exercise-induced ST depression in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. A meta-analysis. Circulation. 1989; 80(1):87-98. DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.80.1.87. View

17.

Voigt J, Pedrizzetti G, Lysyansky P, Marwick T, Houle H, Baumann R . Definitions for a common standard for 2D speckle tracking echocardiography: consensus document of the EACVI/ASE/Industry Task Force to standardize deformation imaging. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2015; 28(2):183-93. DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2014.11.003. View

18.

Scatularo C, Posada Martinez E, Saldarriaga C, Ballesteros O, Baranchuk A, Sosa Liprandi A . Endomyocardiofibrosis: A Systematic Review. Curr Probl Cardiol. 2021; 46(4):100784. DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2020.100784. View

19.

Roushdy A, Raafat S, Shams K, El-Sayed M . Immediate and short-term effect of balloon mitral valvuloplasty on global and regional biventricular function: a two-dimensional strain echocardiographic study. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015; 17(3):316-25. DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jev157. View

20.

Tossavainen E, Henein M, Gronlund C, Lindqvist P . Left Atrial Intrinsic Strain Rate Correcting for Pulmonary Wedge Pressure Is Accurate in Estimating Pulmonary Vascular Resistance in Breathless Patients. Echocardiography. 2016; 33(8):1156-65. DOI: 10.1111/echo.13226. View