Brain Dysfunctions and Neurotoxicity Induced by Psychostimulants in Experimental Models and Humans: an Overview of Recent Findings

Overview

Journal Neural Regen Res

Date 2024 Jan 16

PMID 38227515

Authors

Marcello Serra

Nicola Simola

Alexia E Pollack

Giulia Costa

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Preclinical and clinical studies indicate that psychostimulants, in addition to having abuse potential, may elicit brain dysfunctions and/or neurotoxic effects. Central toxicity induced by psychostimulants may pose serious health risks since the recreational use of these substances is on the rise among young people and adults. The present review provides an overview of recent research, conducted between 2018 and 2023, focusing on brain dysfunctions and neurotoxic effects elicited in experimental models and humans by amphetamine, cocaine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, methylphenidate, caffeine, and nicotine. Detailed elucidation of factors and mechanisms that underlie psychostimulant-induced brain dysfunction and neurotoxicity is crucial for understanding the acute and enduring noxious brain effects that may occur in individuals who use psychostimulants for recreational and/or therapeutic purposes.

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