A Dietary Supplement Jinghuosu Ameliorates Reproductive Damage Induced by Tripterygium Glycosides

Objective: To determine the possible protective effects of Jinghuosu, a dietary supplement (DS), on tripterygium glycosides (TG)-induced reproductive system injury in rats and its underlying mechanisms.

Methods: A reproductive damage model was established in rats by feeding of TGs. Twenty-eight male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups using a random number table (n=7 in each): control (C) group, model (M) group, DS group and L-carnitine (LC) group. Rats in M, DS and LC groups received 40 mg/kg TGs orally. Starting from the 5th week, after administration of TGs for 4 h every day, rats in DS and LC groups were administered with 2.7 g/kg DS and 0.21 g/kg LC, respectively, for protective treatment over the next 4 weeks. Rats in Group C continued to receive the control treatment. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used for histopathological analysis of rat testicular tissues. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to measure alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase, alcohol dehydrogenase, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations. Chemiluminescence assay was used to determine the serum testosterone content. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting were conducted to analyze the expression of genes and proteins related to the testosterone synthesis pathway and the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase 1 antioxidant pathway.

Results: Oral administration of TGs induced significant increases in the testicular levels of zinc transporter 1 and MDA (P<0.05). On the other hand, sperm concentration, sperm motility, and serum testosterone, serum zinc, testicular zinc, Zrt-, Irt-like protein 1, ALP, luteinizing hormone (LH) receptor, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, Cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member 1, 3 β -hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 T-AOC, GSH-Px, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, heme oxygenase-1 and NAD (P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 levels decreased following TGs exposure (P<0.05). All of these phenotypes were evidently reversed by DS (P<0.05).

Conclusion: DS Jinghuosu protects against TG-induced reproductive system injury in rats, probably by improving zinc homeostasis, enhancing the testosterone synthesis and attenuating oxidative stress.