Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) Are a Superior Cell Source for Bone Tissue Engineering

Overview

Journal Bioact Mater

Specialty Biomedical Engineering

Date 2024 Jan 8

PMID 38186960

Authors

Yannian Gou

Yanran Huang

Wenping Luo

Yanan Li

Piao Zhao

Jiamin Zhong

Xiangyu Dong

Meichun Guo

Aohua Li

Ailing Hao

Guozhi Zhao

Yonghui Wang

Yi Zhu

Hui Zhang

Yunhan Shi

William Wagstaff

Hue H Luu

Lewis L Shi

Russell R Reid

Tong-Chuan He

Jiaming Fan

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Effective bone regeneration through tissue engineering requires a combination of osteogenic progenitors, osteoinductive biofactors and biocompatible scaffold materials. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent the most promising seed cells for bone tissue engineering. As multipotent stem cells that can self-renew and differentiate into multiple lineages including bone and fat, MSCs can be isolated from numerous tissues and exhibit varied differentiation potential. To identify an optimal progenitor cell source for bone tissue engineering, we analyzed the proliferative activity and osteogenic potential of four commonly-used mouse MSC sources, including immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts (iMEF), immortalized mouse bone marrow stromal stem cells (imBMSC), immortalized mouse calvarial mesenchymal progenitors (iCAL), and immortalized mouse adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (iMAD). We found that iMAD exhibited highest osteogenic and adipogenic capabilities upon BMP9 stimulation , whereas iMAD and iCAL exhibited highest osteogenic capability in BMP9-induced ectopic osteogenesis and critical-sized calvarial defect repair. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that, while each MSC line regulated a distinct set of target genes upon BMP9 stimulation, all MSC lines underwent osteogenic differentiation by regulating osteogenesis-related signaling including Wnt, TGF-β, PI3K/AKT, MAPK, Hippo and JAK-STAT pathways. Collectively, our results demonstrate that adipose-derived MSCs represent optimal progenitor sources for cell-based bone tissue engineering.

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