Host Factors Associated with False Negative Results in an Interferon-γ Release Assay in Adults with Active Tuberculosis

Overview

Journal Heliyon

Specialty Social Sciences

Date 2023 Dec 14

PMID 38094063

Authors

Quanxian Liu

Xukun Yang

Jiayu Wen

Daoyan Tang

Min Qi

JianQing He

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objective: To identify host factors associated with false-negative results of interferon-γ release tests in adults with active tuberculosis.

Methods: The clinical data of 943 patients with active tuberculosis diagnosed by acid-fast smear staining, culture, PCR and pathological examination at West China Hospital of Sichuan University were retrospectively analysed. According to the results of the interferon γ release test (IGRA), the patients were divided into the IGRA group and IGRA group. Logistic regression was used to analyze the sociodemographic data and clinical characteristics of participants in the IGRA group and IGRA group.

Results: Among 943 patients with active tuberculosis, 174 (18.5 %) were IGRA negative (false negative), and 769 (81.5 %) were IGRA positive. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the following characteristics independently associated with IGRA negativity: age (OR: 1.02; 95 % CI: 1.01 1.03; p = 0.006), anti-tuberculosis treatment >1 month (OR: 1.68; 95 % CI: 1.12 2.52; p = 0.013), HIV infection (OR: 9.48; 95 % CI: 3.23 27.85; p = 0.000), combined with connective tissue diseases (OR: 2.78; 95 % CI: 1.30 5.94; p = 0.008) and low hemoglobin (OR: 0.99; 95 % CI: 0.98 1.00; p = 0.044) was associated with an increased false-negative probability of IGRA.

Conclusion: Age, anti-tuberculosis therapy >1 month, coinfection with HIV, coassociated connective tissue disease and decreased hemoglobin were identified as risk factors for false-negative results of IGRA. Our results suggest a careful interpretation of IGRA in adults with these characteristics.

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