10. Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2024

Overview

Journal Diabetes Care

Specialty Endocrinology

Date 2023 Dec 11

PMID 38078592

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The American Diabetes Association (ADA) "Standards of Care in Diabetes" includes the ADA's current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, an interprofessional expert committee, are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA's clinical practice recommendations and a full list of Professional Practice Committee members, please refer to Introduction and Methodology. Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.

Citing Articles

Body mass index impacts the lipid-lowing effects of statins in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Sun L, Wang Z, Wang B, Jia Y, Zhao Q, Zhao J Front Cardiovasc Med. 2025; 12:1493613.

PMID: 40013128 PMC: 11861527. DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2025.1493613.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and risk of chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorders in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and stage 1-3 chronic kidney disease.

Tsai D, Chuang A, Liu K, Shao S, Lai E CMAJ. 2025; 197(7):E178-E189.

PMID: 39993818 PMC: 11867598. DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.240922.

Statin use and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol target achievement for primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a multicenter cross-sectional study in Sri Lanka.

De Zoysa P, Weerarathna T, Darshana I, Wasana K, Piyasekara B, Jayasekara M PLoS One. 2025; 20(2):e0319030.

PMID: 39982907 PMC: 11844856. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0319030.

Impact of SGLT2 Inhibitors on Preventing Heart Failure Hospitalizations in Colombian Patients With Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Vernaza Trujillo D, Rojas Bautista L, Ramirez Espinosa C, Sierra Castillo S, Corredor-Rengifo D, Aristizabal Colorado D Cureus. 2025; 17(1):e77725.

PMID: 39974248 PMC: 11839060. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.77725.

Association of herpes zoster vaccination and cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes: long-term insights from a retrospective cohort study.

Kornelius E, Lo S, Huang C, Wang C, Wang Y, Yang Y BMJ Open. 2025; 15(2):e090428.

PMID: 39965942 PMC: 11836834. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-090428.

References

Kalyani R, Lazo M, Ouyang P, Turkbey E, Chevalier K, Brancati F . Sex differences in diabetes and risk of incident coronary artery disease in healthy young and middle-aged adults. Diabetes Care. 2013; 37(3):830-8. PMC: 3931379. DOI: 10.2337/dc13-1755. View

Bakris G, Agarwal R, Chan J, Cooper M, Gansevoort R, Haller H . Effect of Finerenone on Albuminuria in Patients With Diabetic Nephropathy: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2015; 314(9):884-94. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2015.10081. View

Berglund L, Brunzell J, Goldberg A, Goldberg I, Sacks F, Murad M . Evaluation and treatment of hypertriglyceridemia: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012; 97(9):2969-89. PMC: 3431581. DOI: 10.1210/jc.2011-3213. View

Ray K, Wright R, Kallend D, Koenig W, Leiter L, Raal F . Two Phase 3 Trials of Inclisiran in Patients with Elevated LDL Cholesterol. N Engl J Med. 2020; 382(16):1507-1519. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1912387. View

Wackers F, Young L, Inzucchi S, Chyun D, Davey J, Barrett E . Detection of silent myocardial ischemia in asymptomatic diabetic subjects: the DIAD study. Diabetes Care. 2004; 27(8):1954-61. DOI: 10.2337/diacare.27.8.1954. View

Eason S, Petersen N, Suarez-Almazor M, Davis B, Collins T . Diabetes mellitus, smoking, and the risk for asymptomatic peripheral arterial disease: whom should we screen?. J Am Board Fam Pract. 2005; 18(5):355-61. DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.18.5.355. View

Tita A, Szychowski J, Boggess K, Dugoff L, Sibai B, Lawrence K . Treatment for Mild Chronic Hypertension during Pregnancy. N Engl J Med. 2022; 386(19):1781-1792. PMC: 9575330. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2201295. View

Sever P, Poulter N, Dahlof B, Wedel H, Collins R, Beevers G . Reduction in cardiovascular events with atorvastatin in 2,532 patients with type 2 diabetes: Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial--lipid-lowering arm (ASCOT-LLA). Diabetes Care. 2005; 28(5):1151-7. DOI: 10.2337/diacare.28.5.1151. View

Zaccardi F, Rizzi A, Petrucci G, Ciaffardini F, Tanese L, Pagliaccia F . In Vivo Platelet Activation and Aspirin Responsiveness in Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes. 2015; 65(2):503-9. DOI: 10.2337/db15-0936. View

10.

Neal B, Perkovic V, Matthews D, Mahaffey K, Fulcher G, Meininger G . Rationale, design and baseline characteristics of the CANagliflozin cardioVascular Assessment Study-Renal (CANVAS-R): A randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2017; 19(3):387-393. PMC: 5348724. DOI: 10.1111/dom.12829. View

11.

Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z, Verschuren M . European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012). The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted.... Eur Heart J. 2012; 33(13):1635-701. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092. View

12.

Khunti K, Kosiborod M, Ray K . Legacy benefits of blood glucose, blood pressure and lipid control in individuals with diabetes and cardiovascular disease: Time to overcome multifactorial therapeutic inertia?. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2018; 20(6):1337-1341. DOI: 10.1111/dom.13243. View

13.

Landray M, Haynes R, Hopewell J, Parish S, Aung T, Tomson J . Effects of extended-release niacin with laropiprant in high-risk patients. N Engl J Med. 2014; 371(3):203-12. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1300955. View

14.

Dimitriu-Leen A, Scholte A, van Rosendael A, van den Hoogen I, Kharagjitsingh A, Wolterbeek R . Value of Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography in Tailoring Aspirin Therapy for Primary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Events in Patients at High Risk With Diabetes Mellitus. Am J Cardiol. 2016; 117(6):887-93. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.12.023. View

15.

McNeil J, Wolfe R, Woods R, Tonkin A, Donnan G, Nelson M . Effect of Aspirin on Cardiovascular Events and Bleeding in the Healthy Elderly. N Engl J Med. 2018; 379(16):1509-1518. PMC: 6289056. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1805819. View

16.

Feldman R, Zou G, Vandervoort M, Wong C, Nelson S, Feagan B . A simplified approach to the treatment of uncomplicated hypertension: a cluster randomized, controlled trial. Hypertension. 2009; 53(4):646-53. DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.123455. View

17.

Kannel W, Hjortland M, CASTELLI W . Role of diabetes in congestive heart failure: the Framingham study. Am J Cardiol. 1974; 34(1):29-34. DOI: 10.1016/0002-9149(74)90089-7. View

18.

Dai L, Zuo Y, You Q, Zeng H, Cao S . Efficacy and safety of bempedoic acid in patients with hypercholesterolemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2021; 28(8):825-833. DOI: 10.1177/2047487320930585. View

19.

Levine G, Bates E, Bittl J, Brindis R, Fihn S, Fleisher L . 2016 ACC/AHA Guideline Focused Update on Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines: An Update.... Circulation. 2016; 134(10):e123-55. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000404. View

20.

Ettehad D, Emdin C, Kiran A, Anderson S, Callender T, Emberson J . Blood pressure lowering for prevention of cardiovascular disease and death: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2016; 387(10022):957-967. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01225-8. View