Changes in Serum TIM-3 and Complement C3 Expression in Workers Due to Mn Exposure

Overview

Journal Front Public Health

Specialty Public Health

Date 2023 Nov 29

PMID 38026392

Authors

Yuanmeng Qi

Huifang Si

Xiaofei Jin

Yonghua Guo

Jiarui Xia

Jing He

Xuedan Deng

Meng Deng

Wu Yao

Changfu Hao

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Mn (Manganese, Mn) is an essential trace element involved in various biological processes such as the regulation of immune, nervous and digestive system functions. However, excessive Mn exposure can lead to immune damage. Occupational workers in cement and ferroalloy manufacturing and other related industries are exposed to low levels of Mn for a long time. Mn exposure is one of the important occupational hazards, but the research on the effect of Mn on the immune system of the occupational population is not complete, and there is no reliable biomarker. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the immunotoxicity of Mn from the soluble immune checkpoint TIM-3 (T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin containing protein 3, TIM-3) and complement C3. A total of 144 Mn-exposed workers were recruited from a bus manufacturing company and a railroad company in Henan Province. An inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer was used to detect the concentration of RBC Mn (Red blood cell Mn, RBC Mn), and ELISA kits were used to detect serum complement C3 and TIM-3. Finally, the subjects were statistically analyzed by dividing them into low and high Mn groups based on the median RBC Mn concentration. We found that Mn exposure resulted in elevated serum TIM-3 expression and decreased complement C3 expression in workers; that serum TIM-3 and complement C3 expression showed a dose-response relationship with RBC Mn; and that the mediating effect of complement C3 between RBC Mn and TIM-3 was found to be significant. The above findings indicate that this study has a preliminary understanding of the effect of Mn exposure on the immune system of the occupational population exposed to Mn, and complement C3 and TIM-3 may be biomarkers of Mn exposure, which may provide clues for the prevention and control of Mn occupational hazards.

References

Bhatia R, Thompson C, Ganguly K, Singh S, Batra S, Kumar S . Alcohol and Smoking Mediated Modulations in Adaptive Immunity in Pancreatitis. Cells. 2020; 9(8). PMC: 7463831. DOI: 10.3390/cells9081880. View

Wang Z, Sun Y, Yao W, Ba Q, Wang H . Effects of Cadmium Exposure on the Immune System and Immunoregulation. Front Immunol. 2021; 12:695484. PMC: 8330548. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.695484. View

Antonini J, Zeidler-Erdely P, Young S, Roberts J, Erdely A . Systemic immune cell response in rats after pulmonary exposure to manganese-containing particles collected from welding aerosols. J Immunotoxicol. 2012; 9(2):184-92. DOI: 10.3109/1547691X.2011.650733. View

Pararasa C, Bailey C, Griffiths H . Ageing, adipose tissue, fatty acids and inflammation. Biogerontology. 2014; 16(2):235-48. DOI: 10.1007/s10522-014-9536-x. View

Ates Alkan F, Karis D, Cakmak G, Ercan A . Analysis of the Relationship Between Hemorheologic Parameters, Aluminum, Manganese, and Selenium in Smokers. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2018; 187(1):22-31. DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1352-8. View

Racette B, Aschner M, Guilarte T, Dydak U, Criswell S, Zheng W . Pathophysiology of manganese-associated neurotoxicity. Neurotoxicology. 2011; 33(4):881-6. PMC: 3350837. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2011.12.010. View

Aliko V, Qirjo M, Sula E, Morina V, Faggio C . Antioxidant defense system, immune response and erythron profile modulation in gold fish, Carassius auratus, after acute manganese treatment. Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2018; 76:101-109. DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.02.042. View

Ismail H . Hematobiochemical Disturbances and Oxidative Stress After Subacute Manganese Chloride Exposure and Potential Protective Effects of Ebselen in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2018; 187(2):452-463. DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1395-x. View

Scharrer E, Hessel H, Kronseder A, Guth W, Rolinski B, Jorres R . Heart rate variability, hemostatic and acute inflammatory blood parameters in healthy adults after short-term exposure to welding fume. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2006; 80(4):265-72. DOI: 10.1007/s00420-006-0127-2. View

10.

Jiang Y, Mo X, Du F, Fu X, Zhu X, Gao H . Effective treatment of manganese-induced occupational Parkinsonism with p-aminosalicylic acid: a case of 17-year follow-up study. J Occup Environ Med. 2006; 48(6):644-9. PMC: 4180660. DOI: 10.1097/01.jom.0000204114.01893.3e. View

11.

Lee J, Taneja V, Vassallo R . Cigarette smoking and inflammation: cellular and molecular mechanisms. J Dent Res. 2011; 91(2):142-9. PMC: 3261116. DOI: 10.1177/0022034511421200. View

12.

Mathern D, Heeger P . Molecules Great and Small: The Complement System. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2015; 10(9):1636-50. PMC: 4559511. DOI: 10.2215/CJN.06230614. View

13.

Kim J, Chen J, Boyce P, Christiani D . Exposure to welding fumes is associated with acute systemic inflammatory responses. Occup Environ Med. 2005; 62(3):157-63. PMC: 1740976. DOI: 10.1136/oem.2004.014795. View

14.

ONeal S, Zheng W . Manganese Toxicity Upon Overexposure: a Decade in Review. Curr Environ Health Rep. 2015; 2(3):315-28. PMC: 4545267. DOI: 10.1007/s40572-015-0056-x. View

15.

Gonzalez-Quintela A, Alende R, Gude F, Campos J, Rey J, Meijide L . Serum levels of immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM) in a general adult population and their relationship with alcohol consumption, smoking and common metabolic abnormalities. Clin Exp Immunol. 2007; 151(1):42-50. PMC: 2276914. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2007.03545.x. View

16.

Lv M, Chen M, Zhang R, Zhang W, Wang C, Zhang Y . Manganese is critical for antitumor immune responses via cGAS-STING and improves the efficacy of clinical immunotherapy. Cell Res. 2020; 30(11):966-979. PMC: 7785004. DOI: 10.1038/s41422-020-00395-4. View

17.

Sani A, Abdullahi I . Effects of welding fumes on haematological parameters of male albino rats (). Biochem Biophys Rep. 2019; 19:100651. PMC: 6593231. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2019.100651. View

18.

Zhang Y, Zheng J . Functions of Immune Checkpoint Molecules Beyond Immune Evasion. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2020; 1248:201-226. DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-3266-5_9. View

19.

Del Tordello E, Vacca I, Ram S, Rappuoli R, Serruto D . Neisseria meningitidis NalP cleaves human complement C3, facilitating degradation of C3b and survival in human serum. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013; 111(1):427-32. PMC: 3890809. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1321556111. View

20.

Northrop-Clewes C, Thurnham D . Monitoring micronutrients in cigarette smokers. Clin Chim Acta. 2006; 377(1-2):14-38. DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2006.08.028. View