Advanced Strategies for Developing Vaccines and Diagnostic Tools for African Swine Fever

Overview

Journal Viruses

Publisher MDPI

Specialty Microbiology

Date 2023 Nov 25

PMID 38005846

Authors

Jong-Woo Lim

Thi Thu Hang Vu

Van Phan Le

Minjoo Yeom

Daesub Song

Dae Gwin Jeong

Song-Kyu Park

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

African swine fever (ASF) is one of the most lethal infectious diseases affecting domestic pigs and wild boars of all ages. Over a span of 100 years, ASF has continued to spread over continents and adversely affects the global pig industry. To date, no vaccine or treatment has been approved. The complex genome structure and diverse variants facilitate the immune evasion of the ASF virus (ASFV). Recently, advanced technologies have been used to design various potential vaccine candidates and effective diagnostic tools. This review updates vaccine platforms that are currently being used worldwide, with a focus on genetically modified live attenuated vaccines, including an understanding of their potential efficacy and limitations of safety and stability. Furthermore, advanced ASFV detection technologies are presented that discuss and incorporate the challenges that remain to be addressed for conventional detection methods. We also highlight a nano-bio-based system that enhances sensitivity and specificity. A combination of prophylactic vaccines and point-of-care diagnostics can help effectively control the spread of ASFV.

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