Bisphosphonates and Their Connection to Dental Procedures: Exploring Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws

Overview

Journal Cancers (Basel)

Publisher MDPI

Specialty Oncology

Date 2023 Nov 25

PMID 38001626

Authors

Emily Sunny Lee

Meng-Chen Tsai

Jing-Xuan Lee

Chuki Wong

You-Ning Cheng

An-Chi Liu

You-Fang Liang

Chih-Yuan Fang

Chia-Yu Wu

I-Ta Lee

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Bisphosphonates are widely used to treat osteoporosis and malignant tumors due to their effectiveness in increasing bone density and inhibiting bone resorption. However, their association with bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) following invasive dental procedures poses a significant challenge. This review explores the functions, mechanisms, and side effects of bisphosphonates, emphasizing their impact on dental procedures. Dental patients receiving bisphosphonate treatment are at higher risk of BRONJ, necessitating dentists' awareness of these risks. Topical bisphosphonate applications enhance dental implant success, by promoting osseointegration and preventing osteoclast apoptosis, and is effective in periodontal treatment. Yet, systemic administration (intravenous or intraoral) significantly increases the risk of BRONJ following dental procedures, particularly in inflamed conditions. Prevention and management of BRONJ involve maintaining oral health, considering alternative treatments, and careful pre-operative and post-operative follow-ups. Future research could focus on finding bisphosphonate alternatives with fewer side effects or developing combinations that reduce BRONJ risk. This review underscores the need for further exploration of bisphosphonates and their implications in dental procedures.

Citing Articles

Piperazine-Derived Bisphosphonate-Based Ionizable Lipid Nanoparticles Enhance mRNA Delivery to the Bone Microenvironment.

Yoon I, Xue L, Chen Q, Liu J, Xu J, Siddiqui Z Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2024; 64(3):e202415389.

PMID: 39379320 PMC: 11735871. DOI: 10.1002/anie.202415389.

Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw and Oral Microbiome: Clinical Risk Factors, Pathophysiology and Treatment Options.

Jelin-Uhlig S, Weigel M, Ott B, Imirzalioglu C, Howaldt H, Bottger S Int J Mol Sci. 2024; 25(15).

PMID: 39125621 PMC: 11311822. DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158053.

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