COVID and COVID Vaccine-related Corneal Morbidity: A Review

Overview

Journal Indian J Ophthalmol

Specialty Ophthalmology

Date 2023 Nov 22

PMID 37991289

Authors

Navneet Sidhu

Murugesan Vanathi

Noopur Gupta

Radhika Tandon

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Systemic coronavirus disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus has had several ocular consequences. Many vaccines have been developed against the disease, with adverse events being reported as well. Various ocular adverse events secondary to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines have also featured in literature in recent times. This review features the reported corneal-related effects of COVID infection and vaccination. These include direct effects on corneal grafts and unilateral or bilateral corneal melts. The compilation of reported experiences from across the world in this systematic review will help clinicians recognize the possible presentations, pathogenesis, and management of the same.

Citing Articles

Optical quality changes of the eye during peak SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in young adults.

Tian H, Fan Q, Gao W, Wang Y Heliyon. 2024; 10(23):e39497.

PMID: 39669171 PMC: 11636296. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39497.

Conditional reprogrammed human limbal epithelial cell model for anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug screening.

Xiao Y, Wang L, Li S, Fang S, Luo F, Chen S Heliyon. 2024; 10(9):e30044.

PMID: 38698981 PMC: 11064458. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30044.

References

Rajagopal R, Priyanka T . Stromal rejection in penetrating keratoplasty following COVID-19 vector vaccine (Covishield) - A case report and review of literature. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2021; 70(1):319-321. PMC: 8917601. DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_2539_21. View

Wasser L, Roditi E, Zadok D, Berkowitz L, Weill Y . Keratoplasty Rejection After the BNT162b2 messenger RNA Vaccine. Cornea. 2021; 40(8):1070-1072. PMC: 8244807. DOI: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000002761. View

Renisi G, Lombardi A, Stanzione M, Invernizzi A, Bandera A, Gori A . Anterior uveitis onset after bnt162b2 vaccination: is this just a coincidence?. Int J Infect Dis. 2021; 110:95-97. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.07.035. View

Shah R, Amador C, Tormanen K, Ghiam S, Saghizadeh M, Arumugaswami V . Systemic diseases and the cornea. Exp Eye Res. 2021; 204:108455. PMC: 7946758. DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108455. View

Ravichandran S, Natarajan R . Corneal graft rejection after COVID-19 vaccination. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2021; 69(7):1953-1954. PMC: 8374823. DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_1028_21. View

Flynn T, Mitchison N, Ono S, Larkin D . Aqueous humor alloreactive cell phenotypes, cytokines and chemokines in corneal allograft rejection. Am J Transplant. 2008; 8(7):1537-43. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2008.02285.x. View

Phylactou M, Li J, Larkin D . Characteristics of endothelial corneal transplant rejection following immunisation with SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA vaccine. Br J Ophthalmol. 2021; 105(7):893-896. DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319338. View

Lazzaro D, Ramachandran R, Cohen E, Galetta S . Covid-19 vaccination and possible link to Herpes zoster. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep. 2022; 25:101359. PMC: 8789478. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2022.101359. View

Bitton K, Dubois M, Courtin R, Panthier C, Gatinel D . Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) rejection following COVID-19 infection: A case report. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep. 2021; 23:101138. PMC: 8205548. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2021.101138. View

10.

Lee P, Gao N, Dike M, Shkilnyy O, Me R, Zhang Y . Opposing Effects of Neuropilin-1 and -2 on Sensory Nerve Regeneration in Wounded Corneas: Role of Sema3C in Ameliorating Diabetic Neurotrophic Keratopathy. Diabetes. 2019; 68(4):807-818. PMC: 6425876. DOI: 10.2337/db18-1172. View

11.

Heinz F, Stiasny K . Distinguishing features of current COVID-19 vaccines: knowns and unknowns of antigen presentation and modes of action. NPJ Vaccines. 2021; 6(1):104. PMC: 8368295. DOI: 10.1038/s41541-021-00369-6. View

12.

Book B, Schmidt B, Foerster A . Bilateral Acute Macular Neuroretinopathy After Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2021; 139(7):e212471. DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2021.2471. View

13.

Richardson-May J, Rothwell A, Rashid M . Reactivation of herpes simplex keratitis following vaccination for COVID-19. BMJ Case Rep. 2021; 14(9). PMC: 8424829. DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-245792. View

14.

Goyal M, Murthy S, Annum S . Bilateral Multifocal Choroiditis following COVID-19 Vaccination. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2021; 29(4):753-757. DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2021.1957123. View

15.

Kumar V, Kumar A . Immunological aspects of corneal transplant. Immunol Invest. 2014; 43(8):888-901. DOI: 10.3109/08820139.2014.910024. View

16.

Yu S, Ritterband D, Mehta I . Acute Corneal Transplant Rejection After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 mRNA-1273 Vaccination. Cornea. 2021; 41(2):257-259. DOI: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000002886. View

17.

Nahata H, Nagaraja H, Shetty R . A case of acute endothelial corneal transplant rejection following immunization with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 coronavirus vaccine. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2022; 70(5):1817-1818. PMC: 9332947. DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_66_22. View

18.

Khan T, Sidhu N, Khan L, Sen S, Hussain N, Tandon R . Bilateral Immune-Mediated Keratolysis After Immunization With SARS-CoV-2 Recombinant Viral Vector Vaccine. Cornea. 2021; 40(12):1629-1632. DOI: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000002844. View

19.

Singh G, Mathur U . Acute graft rejection in a COVID-19 patient: Co-incidence or causal association?. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2021; 69(4):985-986. PMC: 8012967. DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_3701_20. View

20.

Mazzatenta C, Piccolo V, Pace G, Romano I, Argenziano G, Bassi A . Purpuric lesions on the eyelids developed after BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine: another piece of SARS-CoV-2 skin puzzle?. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021; 35(9):e543-e545. PMC: 8242437. DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17340. View