Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Relationship Between Exposure to Parental Substance Use and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children

Overview

Journal Prev Sci

Specialty Science

Date 2023 Nov 17

PMID 37976008

Authors

Brion S Maher

Rebecca H Bitsko

Angelika H Claussen

Brenna OMasta

Audrey Cerles

Joseph R Holbrook

Zayan Mahmooth

Naomi Chen-Bowers

Ana L Almeida Rojo

Jennifer W Kaminski

Margaret Rush

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by persistent patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsiveness. Among US children and adolescents aged 3-17 years, 9.4% have a diagnosis of ADHD. Previous research suggests possible links between parental substance use and ADHD among children. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 86 longitudinal or retrospective studies of prenatal or postnatal alcohol, tobacco, or other parental substance use and substance use disorders and childhood ADHD and its related behavioral dimensions of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity. Meta-analyses were grouped by drug class and pre- and postnatal periods with combined sample sizes ranging from 789 to 135,732. Prenatal exposure to alcohol or tobacco and parent substance use disorders were consistently and significantly associated with ADHD among children. Other parental drug use exposures resulted in inconsistent or non-significant findings. Prevention and treatment of parental substance use may have potential for impacts on childhood ADHD.

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