Sleep Disorders As Both Risk Factors For, and a Consequence Of, Stroke: A Narrative Review

Overview

Journal Int J Stroke

Publisher Sage Publications

Specialty Cardiology & Vascular Diseases

Date 2023 Oct 27

PMID 37885093

Authors

Lukas Mayer-Suess

Abubaker Ibrahim

Kurt Moelgg

Matteo Cesari

Michael Knoflach

Birgit Hogl

Ambra Stefani

Stefan Kiechl

Anna Heidbreder

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background And Purpose: Sleep disorders are increasingly implicated as risk factors for stroke, as well as a determinant of stroke outcome. They can also occur secondary to the stroke itself. In this review, we describe the variety of different sleep disorders associated with stroke and analyze their effect on stroke risk and outcome.

Methods: A search term-based literature review ("sleep," "insomnia," "narcolepsy," "restless legs syndrome," "periodic limb movements during sleep," "excessive daytime sleepiness" AND "stroke" OR "cerebrovascular" in PubMed; "stroke" and "sleep" in ClinicalTrials.gov) was performed. English articles from 1990 to March 2023 were considered.

Results: Increasing evidence suggests that sleep disorders are risk factors for stroke. In addition, sleep disturbance has been reported in half of all stroke sufferers; specifically, an increase is not only sleep-related breathing disorders but also periodic limb movements during sleep, narcolepsy, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder, insomnia, sleep duration, and circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders. Poststroke sleep disturbance has been associated with worse outcome.

Conclusion: Sleep disorders are risk factors for stroke and associated with worse stroke outcome. They are also a common consequence of stroke. Recent guidelines suggest screening for sleep disorders after stroke. It is possible that treatment of sleep disorders could both reduce stroke risk and improve stroke outcome, although further data from clinical trials are required.

Citing Articles

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Longitudinal relationship between 24-Hour Movement behavior patterns and physical function and quality of life after stroke: a latent transition analysis.

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Assessing insomnia after stroke: a diagnostic validation of the Sleep Condition Indicator in self-reported stroke survivors.

McLaren D, Evans J, Baylan S, Harvey M, Montgomery M, Gardani M BMJ Neurol Open. 2024; 6(2):e000768.

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Association between dietary intake of niacin and stroke in the US residents: evidence from national health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES) 1999-2018.

Qiu J, Zhang W, Zhu X, Wu L, Huang J, Zhang J Front Nutr. 2024; 11:1391023.

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