Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping of Osmotic Stress Response in the Fungal Wheat Pathogen Zymoseptoria Tritici

Overview

Journal G3 (Bethesda)

Publisher Oxford University Press

Specialties Genetics
Molecular Biology

Date 2023 Sep 29

PMID 37774498

Authors

Jessica Stapley

Bruce A McDonald

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Osmotic stress is a ubiquitous and potent stress for all living organisms, but few studies have investigated the genetic basis of salt tolerance in filamentous fungi. The main aim of this study was to identify regions of the genome associated with tolerance to potassium chloride (KCl) in the wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici. A secondary aim was to identify candidate genes affecting salt tolerance within the most promising chromosomal regions. We achieved these aims with a quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping study using offspring from 2 crosses grown in vitro in the presence or absence of osmotic stress imposed by 0.75 M KCl. We identified significant QTL for most of the traits in both crosses. Several QTLs overlapped with QTL identified in earlier studies for other traits, and some QTL explained trait variation in both the control and salt stress environments. A significant QTL on chromosome 3 explained variation in colony radius at 8-day postinoculation (dpi) in the KCl environment as well as colony radius KCl tolerance at 8 dpi. The QTL peak had a high logarithm of the odds ratio (LOD) and encompassed an interval containing only 36 genes. Six of these genes present promising candidates for functional analyses. A gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of QTL unique to the KCl environment found evidence for the enrichment of functions involved in osmotic stress responses.

Citing Articles

Foliar mycobiome remains unaltered under urban air-pollution but differentially express stress-related genes.

Flores-Almaraz V, Truong C, Hernandez-Oaxaca D, Reyes-Galindo V, Mastretta-Yanes A, Jaramillo-Correa J Microb Ecol. 2024; 87(1):72.

PMID: 38755460 PMC: 11098924. DOI: 10.1007/s00248-024-02387-y.

References

Mehrabi R, Zwiers L, de Waard M, Kema G . MgHog1 regulates dimorphism and pathogenicity in the fungal wheat pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola. Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 2006; 19(11):1262-9. DOI: 10.1094/MPMI-19-1262. View

Broman K, Wu H, Sen S, Churchill G . R/qtl: QTL mapping in experimental crosses. Bioinformatics. 2003; 19(7):889-90. DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btg112. View

Lendenmann M, Croll D, McDonald B . QTL mapping of fungicide sensitivity reveals novel genes and pleiotropy with melanization in the pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici. Fungal Genet Biol. 2015; 80:53-67. DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2015.05.001. View

Zhu X, Williamson P . A CLC-type chloride channel gene is required for laccase activity and virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans. Mol Microbiol. 2003; 50(4):1271-81. DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03752.x. View

Nguyen L, Seok H, Woo D, Lee S, Moon Y . Overexpression of the DEAD-Box RNA Helicase Gene Confers Tolerance to Salt Stress in . Int J Mol Sci. 2018; 19(12). PMC: 6321491. DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123777. View

Dos Santos S, Teixeira M, Dias P, Sa-Correia I . MFS transporters required for multidrug/multixenobiotic (MD/MX) resistance in the model yeast: understanding their physiological function through post-genomic approaches. Front Physiol. 2014; 5:180. PMC: 4021133. DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00180. View

Mazan M, Mazanova K, Farkas V . Phenotype analysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants with deletions in Pir cell wall glycoproteins. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 2008; 94(2):335-42. DOI: 10.1007/s10482-008-9228-0. View

Krishnan P, Meile L, Plissonneau C, Ma X, Hartmann F, Croll D . Transposable element insertions shape gene regulation and melanin production in a fungal pathogen of wheat. BMC Biol. 2018; 16(1):78. PMC: 6047131. DOI: 10.1186/s12915-018-0543-2. View

Croll D, Zala M, McDonald B . Breakage-fusion-bridge cycles and large insertions contribute to the rapid evolution of accessory chromosomes in a fungal pathogen. PLoS Genet. 2013; 9(6):e1003567. PMC: 3681731. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003567. View

10.

Zhan J, Linde C, Jurgens T, Merz U, Steinebrunner F, McDonald B . Variation for neutral markers is correlated with variation for quantitative traits in the plant pathogenic fungus Mycosphaerella graminicola. Mol Ecol. 2005; 14(9):2683-93. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02638.x. View

11.

Oddon D, Diatloff E, Roberts S . A CLC chloride channel plays an essential role in copper homeostasis in Aspergillus nidulans at increased extracellular copper concentrations. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2007; 1768(10):2466-77. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2007.05.022. View

12.

Wangsanut T, Pongpom M . The Role of the Glutathione System in Stress Adaptation, Morphogenesis and Virulence of Pathogenic Fungi. Int J Mol Sci. 2022; 23(18). PMC: 9500636. DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810645. View

13.

Barbier-Brygoo H, De Angeli A, Filleur S, Frachisse J, Gambale F, Thomine S . Anion channels/transporters in plants: from molecular bases to regulatory networks. Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2011; 62:25-51. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-042110-103741. View

14.

Araujo C, Ferreira P, Pupin B, Dias L, Avalos J, Edwards J . Osmotolerance as a determinant of microbial ecology: A study of phylogenetically diverse fungi. Fungal Biol. 2020; 124(5):273-288. DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2019.09.001. View

15.

Kohrer K, Emr S . The yeast VPS17 gene encodes a membrane-associated protein required for the sorting of soluble vacuolar hydrolases. J Biol Chem. 1993; 268(1):559-69. View

16.

Lendenmann M, Croll D, Stewart E, McDonald B . Quantitative trait locus mapping of melanization in the plant pathogenic fungus Zymoseptoria tritici. G3 (Bethesda). 2014; 4(12):2519-33. PMC: 4267946. DOI: 10.1534/g3.114.015289. View

17.

Plissonneau C, Hartmann F, Croll D . Pangenome analyses of the wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici reveal the structural basis of a highly plastic eukaryotic genome. BMC Biol. 2018; 16(1):5. PMC: 5765654. DOI: 10.1186/s12915-017-0457-4. View

18.

Jacob S, Foster A, Yemelin A, Thines E . High osmolarity glycerol (HOG) signalling in Magnaporthe oryzae: Identification of MoYPD1 and its role in osmoregulation, fungicide action, and pathogenicity. Fungal Biol. 2015; 119(7):580-94. DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2015.03.003. View

19.

Francisco C, McDonald B, Palma-Guerrero J . A transcription factor and a phosphatase regulate temperature-dependent morphogenesis in the fungal plant pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici. Fungal Genet Biol. 2023; 167:103811. DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2023.103811. View

20.

Francisco C, Ma X, Zwyssig M, McDonald B, Palma-Guerrero J . Morphological changes in response to environmental stresses in the fungal plant pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici. Sci Rep. 2019; 9(1):9642. PMC: 6610121. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45994-3. View