Transfection Models to Investigate -Type Dormant Liver Stage Parasites

Overview

Journal Pathogens

Date 2023 Sep 28

PMID 37764878

Authors

Annemarie Voorberg-van der Wel

Anne-Marie Zeeman

Clemens H M Kocken

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

causes the second highest number of malaria morbidity and mortality cases in humans. Several biological traits of this parasite species, including the formation of dormant stages (hypnozoites) that persist inside the liver for prolonged periods of time, present an obstacle for intervention measures and create a barrier for the elimination of malaria. Research into the biology of hypnozoites requires efficient systems for parasite transmission, liver stage cultivation and genetic modification. However, research is hampered by the lack of an in vitro blood stage culture system, rendering it reliant on in vivo-derived, mainly patient, material for transmission and liver stage culture. This has also resulted in limited capability for genetic modification, creating a bottleneck in investigations into the mechanisms underlying the persistence of the parasite inside the liver. This bottleneck can be overcome through optimal use of the closely related and experimentally more amenable nonhuman primate (NHP) parasite, as a model system. In this review, we discuss the genetic modification tools and liver stage cultivation platforms available for studying persistent stages and highlight how their combined use may advance our understanding of hypnozoite biology.

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