From Innate Immunity to Metabolic Disorder: A Review of the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Diabetes Mellitus

Overview

Journal J Clin Med

Specialty General Medicine

Date 2023 Sep 28

PMID 37762961

Authors

Iris Maria Nitulescu

George Ciulei

Angela Cozma

Lucia Maria Procopciuc

Olga Hilda Orasan

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The role of the NLRP3 inflammasome is pivotal in the pathophysiology and progression of diabetes mellitus (DM), encompassing both type 1 (T1D), or type 2 (T2D). As part of the innate immune system, NLRP3 is also responsible for the chronic inflammation triggered by hyperglycemia. In both conditions, NLRP3 facilitates the release of interleukin-1β and interleukin-18. For T1D, NLRP3 perpetuates the autoimmune cascade, leading to the destruction of pancreatic islet cells. In T2D, its activation is associated with the presence of insulin resistance. NLRP3 activation is also instrumental for the presence of numerous complications associated with DM, microvascular and macrovascular. A considerable number of anti-diabetic drugs have demonstrated the ability to inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome.

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