Reactive Oxygen Species and Infection: A Comprehensive Review of Their Roles in Gastric Cancer Development

Overview

Journal Antioxidants (Basel)

Date 2023 Sep 28

PMID 37760015

Authors

Dhiraj Kumar Sah

Archana Arjunan

Bora Lee

Young Do Jung

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide and makes up a significant component of the global cancer burden. () is the most influential risk factor for GC, with the International Agency for Research on Cancer classifying it as a Class I carcinogen for GC. has been shown to persist in stomach acid for decades, causing damage to the stomach's mucosal lining, altering gastric hormone release patterns, and potentially altering gastric function. Epidemiological studies have shown that eliminating reduces metachronous cancer. Evidence shows that various molecular alterations are present in gastric cancer and precancerous lesions associated with an infection. However, although can cause oxidative stress-induced gastric cancer, with antioxidants potentially being a treatment for GC, the exact mechanism underlying GC etiology is not fully understood. This review provides an overview of recent research exploring the pathophysiology of -induced oxidative stress that can cause cancer and the antioxidant supplements that can reduce or even eliminate GC occurrence.

Citing Articles

Exploring the application of dietary antioxidant index for disease risk assessment: a comprehensive review.

Pourmontaseri H, Bazmi S, Sepehrinia M, Mostafavi A, Arefnezhad R, Homayounfar R Front Nutr. 2025; 11:1497364.

PMID: 39885868 PMC: 11781229. DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1497364.

Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer: mechanisms and new perspectives.

Duan Y, Xu Y, Dou Y, Xu D J Hematol Oncol. 2025; 18(1):10.

PMID: 39849657 PMC: 11756206. DOI: 10.1186/s13045-024-01654-2.

Bioactive Phenolics of L. Subsp. Falezlez: A Molecular and Biochemical Approach to Antioxidant and Urease Inhibitory Activities.

Lekmine S, Benslama O, Bensalah B, Touzout N, Moussa H, Tahraoui H Int J Mol Sci. 2025; 26(1.

PMID: 39796225 PMC: 11719793. DOI: 10.3390/ijms26010370.

Helicobacter pylori infection promotes M1 macrophage polarization and gastric inflammation by activation of NLRP3 inflammasome via TNF/TNFR1 axis.

Fei X, Chen S, Li L, Xu X, Wang H, Ke H Cell Commun Signal. 2025; 23(1):6.

PMID: 39762835 PMC: 11705855. DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-02017-7.

Serum levels of oxidative stress, IL-8, and pepsinogen I/II ratio in Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer patients: potential diagnostic biomarkers.

Nasier-Hussain M, Samanje J, Mokhtari K, Nabi-Afjadi M, Fathi Z, Hoseini A BMC Gastroenterol. 2025; 25(1):2.

PMID: 39748276 PMC: 11697901. DOI: 10.1186/s12876-024-03564-6.

References

Kim S, Lim J, Kim H . Astaxanthin Prevents Decreases in Superoxide Dismutase 2 Level and Superoxide Dismutase Activity in -infected Gastric Epithelial Cells. J Cancer Prev. 2019; 24(1):54-58. PMC: 6453584. DOI: 10.15430/JCP.2019.24.1.54. View

Lee D, Jung D, Yu S, Lee Y, Choi B, Lee Y . Regulation of SIRT3 signal related metabolic reprogramming in gastric cancer by oncoprotein CagA. Oncotarget. 2017; 8(45):78365-78378. PMC: 5667968. DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18695. View

Zhong Z, Umemura A, Sanchez-Lopez E, Liang S, Shalapour S, Wong J . NF-κB Restricts Inflammasome Activation via Elimination of Damaged Mitochondria. Cell. 2016; 164(5):896-910. PMC: 4769378. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2015.12.057. View

Byun E, Lim J, Kim J, Kim H . α-Lipoic acid inhibits Helicobacter pylori-induced oncogene expression and hyperproliferation by suppressing the activation of NADPH oxidase in gastric epithelial cells. Mediators Inflamm. 2014; 2014:380830. PMC: 4152957. DOI: 10.1155/2014/380830. View

Bae S, Lim J, Kim H . β-Carotene Inhibits Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-10 and Invasion in -Infected Gastric Epithelial Cells. Molecules. 2021; 26(6). PMC: 8002206. DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061567. View

Malfertheiner P, Camargo M, El-Omar E, Liou J, Peek R, Schulz C . Helicobacter pylori infection. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2023; 9(1):19. PMC: 11558793. DOI: 10.1038/s41572-023-00431-8. View

Handa O, Naito Y, Yoshikawa T . Redox biology and gastric carcinogenesis: the role of Helicobacter pylori. Redox Rep. 2011; 16(1):1-7. PMC: 6837368. DOI: 10.1179/174329211X12968219310756. View

Liu Z, Xu X, Chen L, Li W, Sun Y, Zeng J . Helicobacter pylori CagA inhibits the expression of Runx3 via Src/MEK/ERK and p38 MAPK pathways in gastric epithelial cell. J Cell Biochem. 2012; 113(3):1080-6. DOI: 10.1002/jcb.23440. View

Sokolova O, Naumann M . NF-κB Signaling in Gastric Cancer. Toxins (Basel). 2017; 9(4). PMC: 5408193. DOI: 10.3390/toxins9040119. View

10.

Cha B, Lim J, Kim H . Jak1/Stat3 is an upstream signaling of NF-κB activation in Helicobacter pylori-induced IL-8 production in gastric epithelial AGS cells. Yonsei Med J. 2015; 56(3):862-6. PMC: 4397461. DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2015.56.3.862. View

11.

Gunes-Bayir A, Guler E, Bilgin M, Ergun I, Kocyigit A, Dadak A . Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Carvacrol on -Methyl-'-Nitro--Nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) Induced Gastric Carcinogenesis in Wistar Rats. Nutrients. 2022; 14(14). PMC: 9323991. DOI: 10.3390/nu14142848. View

12.

Luo J, Bai L, Tao J, Wen Y, Li M, Zhu Y . Autophagy induced by H. pylori VacA regulated the survival mechanism of the SGC7901 human gastric cancer cell line. Genes Genomics. 2021; 43(10):1223-1230. PMC: 8429402. DOI: 10.1007/s13258-021-01151-7. View

13.

Ray A, Luis P, Mishra S, Barry D, Asim M, Pandey A . Curcumin Oxidation Is Required for Inhibition of Growth, Translocation and Phosphorylation of Cag A. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022; 11:765842. PMC: 8740292. DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.765842. View

14.

Fujii Y, Murata-Kamiya N, Hatakeyama M . Helicobacter pylori CagA oncoprotein interacts with SHIP2 to increase its delivery into gastric epithelial cells. Cancer Sci. 2020; 111(5):1596-1606. PMC: 7226221. DOI: 10.1111/cas.14391. View

15.

Peng C, Ouyang Y, Lu N, Li N . The NF-κB Signaling Pathway, the Microbiota, and Gastrointestinal Tumorigenesis: Recent Advances. Front Immunol. 2020; 11:1387. PMC: 7338561. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01387. View

16.

Li F, Wang S, Niu M . Scutellarin Inhibits the Growth and EMT of Gastric Cancer Cells through Regulating PTEN/PI3K Pathway. Biol Pharm Bull. 2021; 44(6):780-788. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b20-00822. View

17.

Elbestawy M, El-Sherbiny G, Moghannem S . Antibacterial, Antibiofilm and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Eugenol Clove Essential Oil against Resistant . Molecules. 2023; 28(6). PMC: 10058968. DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062448. View

18.

Javaheri A, Kruse T, Moonens K, Mejias-Luque R, Debraekeleer A, Asche C . Helicobacter pylori adhesin HopQ engages in a virulence-enhancing interaction with human CEACAMs. Nat Microbiol. 2016; 2:16189. DOI: 10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.189. View

19.

Watanabe T, Asano N, Fichtner-Feigl S, Gorelick P, Tsuji Y, Matsumoto Y . NOD1 contributes to mouse host defense against Helicobacter pylori via induction of type I IFN and activation of the ISGF3 signaling pathway. J Clin Invest. 2010; 120(5):1645-62. PMC: 2860924. DOI: 10.1172/JCI39481. View

20.

Tang C, Hao B, Zhang G, Shi R, Cheng W . Helicobacter pylori tumor necrosis factor-α inducing protein promotes cytokine expression via nuclear factor-κB. World J Gastroenterol. 2013; 19(3):399-403. PMC: 3554826. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i3.399. View