Prevalence of Blood Stream Infections and Associated Factors Among Febrile Neutropenic Cancer Patients on Chemotherapy at Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Tanzania

Overview

Journal Infect Agent Cancer

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Infectious Diseases

Date 2023 Sep 20

PMID 37730617

Authors

Lambert C Safari

Doreen Mloka

Omary Minzi

Nazima J Dharsee

Rabson Reuben

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Febrile Neutropenia (FN) caused by bacteria in cancer patients is associated with poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of FN and associated factors among cancer patients on chemotherapy at Ocean Road Cancer Institute (ORCI), Tanzania.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from June to September 2019. Study participants were conveniently recruited. A desk review of participants medical records was performed. Standard microbiological procedures used to culture and identify the bacterial isolates from the positive blood cultures of participants that presented with FN. Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion was used to perform the antibiotics susceptibility testing. SPSS version 20.0 and MS Excel were used in data entry and analysis. Chi-Square was used as a measure of association between various factors and neutropenia. P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: A total 213 participants were enrolled. Of these 76.1% were female. Most of the participants came from the Coast region. Majority of participants presented with breast Cancer (36.2%) and GIT (20.2%). The prevalence of FN and bacteremia was 5.6% and 35.3% respectively. Staphylococcus Aureus (60%) and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci (40%) were the main isolates. Of the 6 isolates tested most were resistant to Co-Trimoxazole 4/6 (66.7%) and Doxycycline 3/6 (50%). FN was positively associated with chemotherapy regimen (P = 0.0001), platelets count (P = 0.0001) and use of G-CSF (P = 0.0001).

Conclusion: The prevalence of FN among the cancer patients on chemotherapy in Tanzania is low but associated with drug-resistant bacteria.

Citing Articles

Etiology, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Bacteremia in Patients With Hematologic Malignancies and Febrile Neutropenia in Uganda.

Lubwama M, Holte S, Zhang Y, Mubiru K, Katende G, Orem J Open Forum Infect Dis. 2024; 11(12):ofae682.

PMID: 39660025 PMC: 11630766. DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofae682.

Survivorship Struggles: Navigating Etiologies and Clinical Parameters of Febrile Neutropenia During Induction Chemotherapy in Acute Leukemia Patients.

Khan M, Wattoo M, Butt H, Zaid M, Tahir U, Kaneez M Cureus. 2024; 16(2):e54935.

PMID: 38544593 PMC: 10966623. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54935.

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