Clear-Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Metastasis into Pterygomaxillary Fossa - A Case Report
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Rationale: The aim of this study is to describe a rare case of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) metastasis to the pterygomaxillary fossa.
Patient Concerns: A 54-year-old woman was referred to the Department of Otolaryngology due to right facial pain for the past six weeks.
Diagnosis: ccRCC metastasis to the pterygomaxillary fossa.
Treatment: The patient was treated by immunotherapy (Ipilimumab + Nivolumab) after multidisciplinary team evaluation.
Outcomes: After 18 months, the patient is in good overall condition and the size of the skull base lesion has significantly reduced.
Take-away Lessons: ccRCC metastasis to the skull base and adjacent sites occur rarely. Most commonly, the presenting symptoms of these lesions are headache and diplopia for skull base metastases and epistaxis in case of sinusal involvement, according to the literature. When total resection of the metastasis is not feasible, tumour-targeted therapy may be used, as in the presented case. A multidisciplinary evaluation is recommended for the correct assessment and management of these patients.