Memory, Aging and the Brain: Old Findings and Current Issues

Overview

Journal Aging Brain

Publisher Elsevier

Specialty Geriatrics

Date 2023 Sep 13

PMID 37701730

Authors

Fergus I M Craik

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

In this article I reprise some selected findings and issues from my previous behavioural work on age-related differences in memory, and relate them to current work on the neural correlates of encoding, retrieval and representation. In particular, I describe the case study of a woman who had persistent experiences of erroneous recollection. I also describe the results of a study showing a double dissociation of implicit and explicit memory in younger and older adults. Finally, I assess recent work on loss of specificity in older adults' encoding and retrieval processes of episodic events. In all cases I attempt to relate these older findings to current ideas and empirical results in the area of memory, aging, and the brain.

Citing Articles

Genetic Prοpensity for Different Aspects of Dementia Pathology and Cognitive Decline in a Community Elderly Population.

Sampatakakis S, Mourtzi N, Hatzimanolis A, Koutsis G, Charisis S, Gkelmpesi I Int J Mol Sci. 2025; 26(3).

PMID: 39940679 PMC: 11817854. DOI: 10.3390/ijms26030910.

References

Li S, Lindenberger U, Sikstrom S . Aging cognition: from neuromodulation to representation. Trends Cogn Sci. 2001; 5(11):479-486. DOI: 10.1016/s1364-6613(00)01769-1. View

McClelland J, McNaughton B, OReilly R . Why there are complementary learning systems in the hippocampus and neocortex: insights from the successes and failures of connectionist models of learning and memory. Psychol Rev. 1995; 102(3):419-457. DOI: 10.1037/0033-295X.102.3.419. View

OConnor A, Lever C, Moulin C . Novel insights into false recollection: a model of déjà vécu. Cogn Neuropsychiatry. 2010; 15(1):118-44. DOI: 10.1080/13546800903113071. View

Staresina B, Wimber M . A Neural Chronometry of Memory Recall. Trends Cogn Sci. 2019; 23(12):1071-1085. DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2019.09.011. View

Buckner R . Frontally mediated control processes contribute to source memory retrieval. Neuron. 2002; 35(5):817-8. DOI: 10.1016/s0896-6273(02)00866-8. View

Madden D, Costello M, Dennis N, Davis S, Shepler A, Spaniol J . Adult age differences in functional connectivity during executive control. Neuroimage. 2010; 52(2):643-57. PMC: 2902259. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.04.249. View

May C, Hasher L, Foong N . Implicit memory, age, and time of day: paradoxical priming effects. Psychol Sci. 2005; 16(2):96-100. PMC: 1751473. DOI: 10.1111/j.0956-7976.2005.00788.x. View

Greene N, Naveh-Benjamin M . Adult age-related changes in the specificity of episodic memory representations: A review and theoretical framework. Psychol Aging. 2023; 38(2):67-86. DOI: 10.1037/pag0000724. View

Craik F, Morris L, Morris R, Loewen E . Relations between source amnesia and frontal lobe functioning in older adults. Psychol Aging. 1990; 5(1):148-151. DOI: 10.1037/0882-7974.5.1.148. View

10.

Hill P, King D, Rugg M . Age Differences In Retrieval-Related Reinstatement Reflect Age-Related Dedifferentiation At Encoding. Cereb Cortex. 2020; 31(1):106-122. PMC: 7727391. DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa210. View

11.

Campbell K, Hasher L, Thomas R . Hyper-binding: a unique age effect. Psychol Sci. 2010; 21(3):399-405. PMC: 3399902. DOI: 10.1177/0956797609359910. View

12.

Rowe G, Valderrama S, Hasher L, Lenartowicz A . Attentional disregulation: a benefit for implicit memory. Psychol Aging. 2007; 21(4):826-30. PMC: 1858627. DOI: 10.1037/0882-7974.21.4.826. View

13.

Schapiro A, Turk-Browne N, Botvinick M, Norman K . Complementary learning systems within the hippocampus: a neural network modelling approach to reconciling episodic memory with statistical learning. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2016; 372(1711). PMC: 5124075. DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0049. View

14.

Setton R, Sheldon S, Turner G, Nathan Spreng R . Temporal pole volume is associated with episodic autobiographical memory in healthy older adults. Hippocampus. 2022; 32(5):373-385. PMC: 8995350. DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23411. View

15.

Kapur S, Craik F, Tulving E, Wilson A, Houle S, Brown G . Neuroanatomical correlates of encoding in episodic memory: levels of processing effect. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994; 91(6):2008-11. PMC: 43298. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.91.6.2008. View

16.

Fandakova Y, Lee Shing Y, Lindenberger U . High-confidence memory errors in old age: the roles of monitoring and binding processes. Memory. 2013; 21(6):732-50. DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2012.756038. View

17.

Duarte A, Ranganath C, Knight R . Effects of unilateral prefrontal lesions on familiarity, recollection, and source memory. J Neurosci. 2005; 25(36):8333-7. PMC: 6725547. DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1392-05.2005. View

18.

. Adult age differences in memory performance: tests of an associative deficit hypothesis. J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2000; 26(5):1170-87. DOI: 10.1037//0278-7393.26.5.1170. View

19.

Glisky E, Rubin S, Davidson P . Source memory in older adults: an encoding or retrieval problem?. J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2001; 27(5):1131-46. DOI: 10.1037//0278-7393.27.5.1131. View

20.

Kwok K, Hameed S, Tay S, Koay W, Koh S, Gabriel C . Hyperfamiliarity in Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment. Ann Acad Med Singap. 2015; 44(9):342-9. View