The Value of Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire in Predicting Postoperative Pain in Living Kidney Donors: A Prospective Observational Study

Overview

Journal J Pain Res

Publisher Dove Medical Press

Date 2023 Aug 29

PMID 37641638

Authors

Qixing Wu

Yiyuan Luo

Mingming Han

Juan Li

Fang Kang

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the value of the Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire (PSQ) for the prediction of postoperative pain and the relationship between pain sensitivity and postoperative pain in kidney donors undergoing living-related kidney transplantation.

Patients And Methods: A total of 148 kidney donors were selected and the preoperative pain sensitivity questionnaire was administered the day before surgery. Kidney donors were assigned to low PSQ group (PSQ < 6.5, n = 76) or high PSQ group (PSQ ≥ 6.5, n = 72). The primary endpoint was the number of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). Other outcomes included: the incidence of acute pain, flurbiprofen axetil remediation rate, the incidence of chronic pain, neuropathic pain assessment scale (Douleur Neuropathique 4 Questions, DN4), visual analog scale (VAS) at rest after surgery as well as the correlation between PSQ and QST (Quantitative Sensory Testing).

Results: The low PSQ group had a significantly lower number of PCA than high PSQ group (P < 0.0001). The incidence of acute pain was 75% in low PSQ group and 100% in high PSQ group (P < 0.0001). Furthermore, flurbiprofen axetil remediation rate was lower in low PSQ group than that in high PSQ group (P = 0.042). The incidence of chronic pain was significantly lower in low PSQ group than in high PSQ group (6.6% vs 61.1%, P < 0.001). Moreover, DN4 was significantly lower in low PSQ group than that in high PSQ group (P < 0.001). The PSQ-mean was significantly negatively correlated with QST in kidney donors. VAS at rest for the low PSQ group were lower than those of the high PSQ group.

Conclusion: The PSQ was found to be associated with the intensity or postoperative pain and might be used to screen patients prior to living-kidney transplantation.

References

Quan X, Fong D, Leung A, Liao Q, Ruscheweyh R, Chau P . Validation of the Mandarin Chinese Version of the Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire. Pain Pract. 2017; 18(2):180-193. DOI: 10.1111/papr.12587. View

Kadum B, Inngul C, Ihrman R, Sjoden G, Sayed-Noor A . Higher preoperative sensitivity to pain and pain at rest are associated with worse functional outcome after stemless total shoulder arthroplasty: a prospective cohort study. Bone Joint J. 2018; 100-B(4):480-484. DOI: 10.1302/0301-620X.100B4.BJJ-2017-1000.R1. View

Vadivelu N, Kai A, Kodumudi G, Babayan K, Fontes M, Burg M . Pain and Psychology-A Reciprocal Relationship. Ochsner J. 2017; 17(2):173-180. PMC: 5472077. View

Ruscheweyh R, Marziniak M, Stumpenhorst F, Reinholz J, Knecht S . Pain sensitivity can be assessed by self-rating: Development and validation of the Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire. Pain. 2009; 146(1-2):65-74. DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2009.06.020. View

Rhudy J, Meagher M . Fear and anxiety: divergent effects on human pain thresholds. Pain. 1999; 84(1):65-75. DOI: 10.1016/S0304-3959(99)00183-9. View

Granot M, Srulovici E, Granovsky Y, Yarnitsky D, Kuperman P . Dispositional and situational personal features and acute post-collision head and neck pain: Double mediation of pain catastrophizing and pain sensitivity. PLoS One. 2022; 17(1):e0262076. PMC: 8746745. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262076. View

Andersen M, Mathisen L, Oyen O, Edwin B, Digernes R, Kvarstein G . Postoperative pain and convalescence in living kidney donors-laparoscopic versus open donor nephrectomy: a randomized study. Am J Transplant. 2006; 6(6):1438-43. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2006.01301.x. View

van den Broeke E, Lambert J, Huang G, Mouraux A . Central Sensitization of Mechanical Nociceptive Pathways Is Associated with a Long-Lasting Increase of Pinprick-Evoked Brain Potentials. Front Hum Neurosci. 2016; 10:531. PMC: 5071355. DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00531. View

Palzer E, Helgeson E, Evans M, Vock D, Matas A . Long-term Outcomes Associated With Post-kidney Donation Pregnancy Complications. Transplantation. 2023; 107(7):1615-1623. PMC: 10293045. DOI: 10.1097/TP.0000000000004540. View

10.

Grundstrom H, Larsson B, Arendt-Nielsen L, Gerdle B, Kjolhede P . Associations between pain thresholds for heat, cold and pressure, and Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire scores in healthy women and in women with persistent pelvic pain. Eur J Pain. 2019; 23(9):1631-1639. DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1439. View

11.

Huang L, Zheng X, Zhang Y, Lin Y, Lin L, Gao Y . Flurbiprofen axetil alleviates the effect of formalin-induced inflammatory pain on the cognitive function of rats with mild cognitive impairment through the AMPKα/NF-κB signaling pathway. Ann Transl Med. 2022; 10(22):1210. PMC: 9761181. DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-4997. View

12.

Walker A, Kavelaars A, Heijnen C, Dantzer R . Neuroinflammation and comorbidity of pain and depression. Pharmacol Rev. 2013; 66(1):80-101. PMC: 3880465. DOI: 10.1124/pr.113.008144. View

13.

Ibancos-Losada M, Osuna-Perez M, Cortes-Perez I, Montoro-Cardenas D, Diaz-Fernandez A . Validation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Spanish Version of the Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire (PSQ-S). J Clin Med. 2022; 11(1). PMC: 8745301. DOI: 10.3390/jcm11010151. View

14.

van Boekel R, Timmerman H, Bronkhorst E, Ruscheweyh R, Vissers K, Steegers M . Translation, Cross-Cultural Adaptation, and Validation of the Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire in Dutch Healthy Volunteers. Pain Res Manag. 2020; 2020:1050935. PMC: 7397447. DOI: 10.1155/2020/1050935. View

15.

Owen M, Lorgelly P, Serpell M . Chronic pain following donor nephrectomy--a study of the incidence, nature and impact of chronic post-nephrectomy pain. Eur J Pain. 2010; 14(7):732-4. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpain.2009.11.013. View

16.

Pawlowski M, Fila-Witecka K, Rymaszewska J, Luc M, Kaminska D, Rymaszewska J . Quality of life, depression and anxiety in living donor kidney transplantation. Transplant Rev (Orlando). 2020; 34(4):100572. DOI: 10.1016/j.trre.2020.100572. View

17.

Holscher C, Leanza J, Thomas A, Waldram M, Haugen C, Jackson K . Anxiety, depression, and regret of donation in living kidney donors. BMC Nephrol. 2018; 19(1):218. PMC: 6122576. DOI: 10.1186/s12882-018-1024-0. View

18.

Galiero R, Salvatore T, Ferrara R, Masini F, Caturano A, Docimo G . The Role of Neuropathy Screening Tools in Patients Affected by Fibromyalgia. J Clin Med. 2022; 11(6). PMC: 8953231. DOI: 10.3390/jcm11061533. View

19.

Salberg S, Noel M, Burke N, Vinall J, Mychasiuk R . Utilization of a rodent model to examine the neurological effects of early life adversity on adolescent pain sensitivity. Dev Psychobiol. 2019; 62(3):386-399. DOI: 10.1002/dev.21922. View

20.

Inal F, Gul K, Yilmaz Camgoz Y, Daskaya H, Kocoglu H . Validation of the Turkish version of the Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire in patients with chronic pain. J Int Med Res. 2021; 49(12):3000605211060158. PMC: 8646826. DOI: 10.1177/03000605211060158. View