Protein Expression of NEK2, JMJD4, and REST in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC): Clinical, Pathological, and Prognostic Findings

Overview

Journal Iran J Pathol

Date 2023 Aug 21

PMID 37600577

Authors

Walid S H Elsayed

Ola A Harb

Mohamed Ali Alabiad

Rema H Faraj Saad

Amal Anbaig

Mohammed Alorini

Rehab Hemeda

Mohamed Negm

Loay M Gertallah

Waleed A Abdelhady

Ramadan M Ali

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background & Objective: Cells of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are resistant to the most currently used chemotherapeutic agents and targeted therapies; hence, we evaluated the expression of NEK2, JMJD4, and REST in cases of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and benign adjacent tissues of kidney to detect associations between their expression and clinicopathological features, prognostic data, tumor recurrence, and survival rates.

Methods: We collected 200 samples including tumoral and adjacent non-neoplastic tissues related to 100 ccRCC patients. All samples were evaluated for the expression of NEK2, JMJD4, and REST, and the patients were followed up for about 5 years. Tumor recurrence and survival data were documented and analyzed.

Results: NEK2 and JMJD4 expression showed increase in ccRCC tissues (=0.002 and 0.006), while REST was downregulated (<0.001). The elevated expression of NEK2 was positively related ro the tumor size (=0.015), higher grades (=0.002), higher stages (=0.013), distant spread (=0.004), tumor recurrence, shorter progression-free survival (PFS) rate, and overall survival (OS) rate (<0.001). Likewise, the high expression of JMJD4 showed positive correlation with the tumor size (=0.047), higher grades (=0.003), higher stages (=0.043), distant spread (=0.001), tumor recurrence, shorter PFS rate, and OS rate (<0.001). Conversely, low expression of REST demonstrated positive relationship with the tumor size, higher grades, higher stages, distant spread, tumor recurrence, and shorter PFS and OS rates (<0.001).

Conclusion: Overexpression of NEK2 and JMJD4 and downregulation of REST may be noted in malignant renal tissues compared to benign renal tissues and may be correlated with unfavorable pathological findings, poor clinical parameters, and poor patient outcomes.

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