» Articles » PMID: 37592726

A Consensus Statement for Continuous Glucose Monitoring Metrics for Inpatient Clinical Trials

Abstract

Diabetes Technology Society organized an expert consensus panel to develop metrics for research in the use of continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) in a hospital setting. The experts met virtually in small groups both before and after an April 13, 2023 virtual meeting of the entire panel. The goal of the panel was to develop consensus definitions in anticipation of greater use of CGMs in hospital settings in the future. Establishment of consensus definitions of inpatient analytical metrics will be easier to compare outcomes between studies. Panelists defined terms related to 10 dimensions of measurements related to the use of CGMs including (1) hospital hypoglycemia, (2) hospital hyperglycemia, (3) hospital time in range, (4) hospital glycemic variability, (5) hospital glycemia risk index, (6) accuracy of CGM devices and reference methods for CGMs in the hospital, (7) meaningful time blocks for hospital glycemic goals, (8) hospital CGM data sufficiency, (9) using CGM data for insulin dosing, and (10) miscellaneous factors. The panelists voted on 51 proposed recommendations. Based on the panel vote, 51 recommendations were classified as either strong (43) or mild (8). Additional research is needed on CGM performance in the hospital. This consensus report is intended to support that type of research intended to improve outcomes for hospitalized people with diabetes.

Citing Articles

Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Hospitalized Adults With Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A Prospective Open-Label Pilot Study.

Bogun M, Wang C, Kurlansky P, Bedeir N, Umpierrez G J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2025; :19322968251316887.

PMID: 39907056 PMC: 11800229. DOI: 10.1177/19322968251316887.


Accuracy of continuous glucose monitoring systems in intensive care unit patients: a scoping review.

Nielsen C, Grigonyte-Daraskeviciene M, Olsen M, Moller M, Norgaard K, Perner A Intensive Care Med. 2024; 50(12):2005-2018.

PMID: 39417874 DOI: 10.1007/s00134-024-07663-6.


Empowering Hospitalized Patients With Diabetes: Implementation of a Hospital-wide CGM Policy With EHR-Integrated Validation for Dosing Insulin.

Lee M, Seav S, Ongwela L, Lee J, Aubyrn R, Cao F Diabetes Care. 2024; 47(10):1838-1845.

PMID: 39140891 PMC: 11417271. DOI: 10.2337/dc24-0626.


Real-time continuous glucose monitoring-guided glucose management in inpatients with diabetes receiving short-term continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion: a randomized clinical trial.

Wang Y, Lu J, Wang M, Ni J, Yu J, Wang S Lancet Reg Health West Pac. 2024; 48:101067.

PMID: 39119238 PMC: 11305887. DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2024.101067.


Hyperglycemic Crises in Adults With Diabetes: A Consensus Report.

Umpierrez G, Davis G, ElSayed N, Fadini G, Galindo R, Hirsch I Diabetes Care. 2024; 47(8):1257-1275.

PMID: 39052901 PMC: 11272983. DOI: 10.2337/dci24-0032.


References
1.
Agarwal S, Mathew J, Davis G, Shephardson A, Levine A, Louard R . Continuous Glucose Monitoring in the Intensive Care Unit During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Diabetes Care. 2020; 44(3):847-849. PMC: 7896255. DOI: 10.2337/dc20-2219. View

2.
Hirsch I . Glycemic variability: it's not just about A1C anymore!. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2005; 7(5):780-3. DOI: 10.1089/dia.2005.7.780. View

3.
Suh S, Kim J . Glycemic Variability: How Do We Measure It and Why Is It Important?. Diabetes Metab J. 2015; 39(4):273-82. PMC: 4543190. DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2015.39.4.273. View

4.
Golden S, Kao W, Brancati F . Perioperative glycemic control and the risk of infectious complications in a cohort of adults with diabetes. Diabetes Care. 1999; 22(9):1408-14. DOI: 10.2337/diacare.22.9.1408. View

5.
Spanakis E, Umpierrez G, Siddiqui T, Zhan M, Snitker S, Fink J . Association of Glucose Concentrations at Hospital Discharge With Readmissions and Mortality: A Nationwide Cohort Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019; 104(9):3679-3691. PMC: 6642668. DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-02575. View