Features of Functional and Dysfunctional CD8+ T Cells to Guide HIV Vaccine Development

Overview

Journal Curr Opin HIV AIDS

Specialty Infectious Diseases

Date 2023 Aug 3

PMID 37535040

Authors

Shaown Bhattacharyya

Charles R Crain

Benjamin Goldberg

Gaurav D Gaiha

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Purpose Of Review: CD8+ T cell responses are a key component of the host immune response to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) but vary significantly across individuals with distinct clinical outcomes. These differences help inform the qualitative features of HIV-specific CD8+ T cells that we should aim to induce by vaccination.

Recent Findings: We review previous and more recent findings on the features of dysfunctional and functional CD8+ T cell responses that develop in individuals with uncontrolled and controlled HIV infection, with particular emphasis on proliferation, cytotoxic effector function, epitope specificity, and responses in lymph nodes. We also discuss the implications of these findings for both prophylactic and therapeutic T cell vaccine development within the context of T cell vaccine trials.

Summary: The induction of HIV specific CD8+ T cell responses is an important goal of ongoing vaccine efforts. Emerging data on the key features of CD8+ T cell responses that distinguish individuals who spontaneously control from those with progressive disease continues to provide key guidance.

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