Transcriptome-Wide Identification of the GRAS Transcription Factor Family in and Its Role in Regulating Development and Stress Response

is a species used in afforestation and has high economic, ecological, and therapeutic significance. experiences a variety of biotic and abiotic stresses, and thus presents a suitable model for studying how woody plants respond to such stress. Numerous families of transcription factors are involved in the research of stress resistance, with the GRAS family playing a significant role in plant development and stress response. Though s have been well explored in various plant species, much research remains to be undertaken on the family in . In this study, 21 PmGRASs were identified in the transcriptome. and phylogenetic analyses revealed that the PmGRAS family can be separated into nine subfamilies. The results of qRT-PCR and transcriptome analyses under various stress and hormone treatments reveal that PmGRASs, particularly PmGRAS9, PmGRAS10 and PmGRAS17, may be crucial for stress resistance. The majority of PmGRASs were significantly expressed in needles and may function at multiple locales and developmental stages, according to tissue-specific expression analyses. Furthermore, the DELLA subfamily members PmGRAS9 and PmGRAS17 were nuclear localization proteins, while PmGRAS9 demonstrated transcriptional activation activity in yeast. The results of this study will help explore the relevant factors regulating the development of , improve stress resistance and lay the foundation for further identification of the biological functions of PmGRASs.