Echo Intensity and Gray-level Co-occurrence Matrix Analysis of Soft Tissue Grafting Biomaterials and Dental Implants: an Ultrasonographic Pilot Study

Overview

Journal Dentomaxillofac Radiol

Publisher Oxford University Press

Date 2023 Jul 10

PMID 37427600

Authors

Leonardo Mancini

Anahat Khehra

Tu Nguyen

Shayan Barootchi

Lorenzo Tavelli

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objective: To characterize different allogeneic and xenogeneic soft tissue graft substitutes and to assess their echo intensity and grayscale texture-related outcomes by using high-frequency ultrasonography (HFUS).

Methods: Ten samples from each of the following biomaterials were scanned using HFUS: bilayered collagen matrix (CM), cross-linked collagen matrix (CCM), multilayered cross-linked collagen matrix (MCCM), human-derived acellular dermal matrix (HADM), porcine-derived acellular dermal matrix (PADM), collagen tape dressing (C) and dental implants (IMPs). The obtained images were then imported in a commercially available software for grayscale analysis. First-order grayscale outcomes included mean echo intensity (EI), standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis, while second-order grayscale outcomes comprised entropy, contrast, correlation, energy and homogeneity derive from the gray-level co-occurrence matrix analysis. Descriptive statistics were performed for visualization of results, and one-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni post-hoc tests were performed to relative assessments of the biomaterials.

Results: The statistical analysis revealed a statistically significant difference among the groups for EI ( < .001), with the group C showing the lowest EI, and the IMP group presenting with the greatest EI values. All groups showed significantly higher EI when compared with C ( < .001). No significant differences were observed for energy, and correlation, while a statistically significant difference among the groups was found in terms of entropy ( < 0.01), contrast ( < .001) and homogeneity ( < .001). IMP exhibited the highest contrast, that was significantly higher than C, HADM, PADM, CCM and CM.

Conclusions: HFUS grayscale analysis can be applied to characterize the structure of different biomaterials and holds potential for translation to assessment following soft tissue grafting-related procedures.

Citing Articles

Echo-intensity characterization at implant sites and novel diagnostic ultrasonographic markers for peri-implantitis.

Galarraga-Vinueza M, Barootchi S, Mancini L, Sabri H, Schwarz F, Gallucci G J Clin Periodontol. 2024; 51(12):1586-1597.

PMID: 38561985 PMC: 11651720. DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13976.

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