Immune-enhancing Effects of Chitosan-fermented Feed Additive on Broiler Chickens and Subsequent Protection Conferred Against Experimental Infection with Gallinarum

Overview

Journal J Poult Sci

Date 2023 Jul 10

PMID 37426541

Authors

Bo Mi Park

Jina Lee

Young Kyu Park

Young Cheol Yang

Bock Gie Jung

Bong Joo Lee

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Benefits chitosan-fermented feed additives (CFFAs) particularly in the regulation of the immune system and antimicrobial activity. Therefore, we investigated the immune-enhancing and bacterial clearance effects of CFFA (fermented by ) on broiler chickens Gallinarum challenge. We administered 2% or 4% CFFA evaluated its immune-enhancing effects using several immunological experiments, including examination of lysozyme activity, lymphocyte proliferation, and expression of cytokines. We also evaluated the bacterial clearance effects of CFFA against Gallinarum. CFFA administration markedly enhanced lysozyme activity, lymphocyte proliferation, and the expression of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interferon gamma in the spleen. In broilers challenged with Gallinarum, the clinical signs of Gallinarum infection and the number of viable bacterial colonies in the feces and tissues decreased in both CFFA groups. Therefore, CFFAs could be good candidates for feed additive to improve nonspecific immune responses and bacterial clearance.

Citing Articles

Effect of feeding chitosan and blend of essential organic acids on growth performance, haematological parameters and innate immunity in early aged male layer chicks.

Chahar G, Deshmukh S, Banga H, Kaur P Trop Anim Health Prod. 2024; 56(7):251.

PMID: 39225828 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-04081-0.

References

Kumar M, Brar A, Vivekanand V, Pareek N . Production of chitinase from thermophilic Humicola grisea and its application in production of bioactive chitooligosaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol. 2017; 104(Pt B):1641-1647. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.04.100. View

Al Hoqani H, Al-Shaqsi N, Hossain M, Al Sibani M . Isolation and optimization of the method for industrial production of chitin and chitosan from Omani shrimp shell. Carbohydr Res. 2020; 492:108001. DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2020.108001. View

Cheng Y, Horng Y, Dybus A, Yu Y . -Fermented Products Improve Growth Performance and Intestinal Gut Morphology in Broilers under Challenge. J Poult Sci. 2021; 58(1):30-39. PMC: 7837812. DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0200010. View

Roth N, Kasbohrer A, Mayrhofer S, Zitz U, Hofacre C, Domig K . The application of antibiotics in broiler production and the resulting antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli: A global overview. Poult Sci. 2018; 98(4):1791-1804. PMC: 6414035. DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey539. View

Affes S, Maalej H, Aranaz I, Acosta N, Heras A, Nasri M . Enzymatic production of low-Mw chitosan-derivatives: Characterization and biological activities evaluation. Int J Biol Macromol. 2019; 144:279-288. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.062. View

Jung B, Lee J, Lee B . Oxygenated drinking water enhances immune activity in pigs and increases immune responses of pigs during Salmonella typhimurium infection. J Vet Med Sci. 2012; 74(12):1651-5. DOI: 10.1292/jvms.12-0051. View

Ducluzeau R, Dubos F, Raibaud P, Abrams G . Inhibition of Clostridium perfringens by an antibiotic substance produced by Bacillus licheniformis in the digestive tract of gnotobiotic mice: effect on other bacteria from the digestive tract. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1976; 9(1):20-5. PMC: 429468. DOI: 10.1128/AAC.9.1.20. View

Erf G, Bottje W, Bersi T, Headrick M, Fritts C . Effects of dietary vitamin E on the immune system in broilers: altered proportions of CD4 T cells in the thymus and spleen. Poult Sci. 1998; 77(4):529-37. DOI: 10.1093/ps/77.4.529. View

Abdukalykova S, Zhao X, Ruiz-Feria C . Arginine and vitamin E modulate the subpopulations of T lymphocytes in broiler chickens. Poult Sci. 2007; 87(1):50-5. DOI: 10.3382/ps.2007-00315. View

10.

Synowiecki J, Al-Khateeb N . Production, properties, and some new applications of chitin and its derivatives. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2003; 43(2):145-71. DOI: 10.1080/10408690390826473. View

11.

Osho S, Adeola O . Chitosan oligosaccharide supplementation alleviates stress stimulated by in-feed dexamethasone in broiler chickens. Poult Sci. 2020; 99(4):2061-2067. PMC: 7587614. DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2019.11.047. View

12.

Ragland S, Criss A . From bacterial killing to immune modulation: Recent insights into the functions of lysozyme. PLoS Pathog. 2017; 13(9):e1006512. PMC: 5608400. DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006512. View

13.

Miao Z, Zhao W, Guo L, Wang S, Zhang J . Effects of dietary supplementation of chitosan on immune function in growing Huoyan geese. Poult Sci. 2020; 99(1):95-100. PMC: 7587681. DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez565. View

14.

Chia S, Macharia J, Diiro G, Kassie M, Ekesi S, van Loon J . Smallholder farmers' knowledge and willingness to pay for insect-based feeds in Kenya. PLoS One. 2020; 15(3):e0230552. PMC: 7094868. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230552. View

15.

Liu Y, Xing R, Yang H, Liu S, Qin Y, Li K . Chitin extraction from shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) shells by successive two-step fermentation with Lactobacillus rhamnoides and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Int J Biol Macromol. 2020; 148:424-433. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.124. View

16.

Lee J, Kim Y, Park Y, Yang Y, Jung B, Lee B . Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae enhances immune activities and increases survivability of broiler chicks against experimental infection of Salmonella Gallinarum. J Vet Med Sci. 2018; 80(5):736-740. PMC: 5989015. DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0236. View

17.

Chang Q, Lu Y, Lan R . Chitosan oligosaccharide as an effective feed additive to maintain growth performance, meat quality, muscle glycolytic metabolism, and oxidative status in yellow-feather broilers under heat stress. Poult Sci. 2020; 99(10):4824-4831. PMC: 7598338. DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.06.071. View

18.

de los Santos F, Donoghue A, Venkitanarayanan K, Metcalf J, Reyes-Herrera I, Dirain M . The natural feed additive caprylic acid decreases Campylobacter jejuni colonization in market-aged broiler chickens. Poult Sci. 2008; 88(1):61-4. DOI: 10.3382/ps.2008-00228. View

19.

Peng J, Horng Y, Wu C, Chang C, Chang Y, Tsai P . Evaluation of antiviral activity of Bacillus licheniformis-fermented products against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. AMB Express. 2019; 9(1):191. PMC: 6890879. DOI: 10.1186/s13568-019-0916-0. View

20.

Mosmann T . Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. J Immunol Methods. 1983; 65(1-2):55-63. DOI: 10.1016/0022-1759(83)90303-4. View