Fertile from the Jurassic of Patagonia: Mosaic Evolution in the Dipteridaceae-Matoniaceae Lineage

Overview

Journal AoB Plants

Date 2023 Jul 10

PMID 37426174

Authors

Agustina Yanez

Ignacio H Escapa

Thereis Y S Choo

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

has been postulated as a monophyletic group, whose precise position within the Gleichenoid families Dipteriaceae and Matoniaceae, remains poorly understood. Previously described specimens are based on frond fragments and its fertile morphology is represented by a few, poorly preserved specimens. We describe a new species based on the largest collection of fertile specimens known to date and discuss the evolutionary history of the genus based on the additional reproductive characters provided by the fossils described. Plant impressions were collected in Early Jurassic sediments of Patagonia, Argentina. The specimens were described, and silicone rubber casts were developed to examine in detail vegetative and reproductive features. The new species was compared with other species. Finally, a backbone analysis was performed in the context of a previously published combined matrix of Dipteridaceae, using the maximum parsimony criterion. The new species is described based on a combination of features that have not been previously reported. The vegetative morphology shows affinities with most fossil and extant Dipteriaceae, contrasting with the reproductive morphology which is more comparable with the scarce number of fossil dipteridaceous forms and it is more spread in the sister family, Matoniaceae. The backbone analysis indicates that the position of the new species vary among different positions among Dipteridaceae and Matoniaceae. Additional analyses, discriminating the signal of reproductive and vegetative character, are provided to discuss the base of this uncertainty. We consider as a member of the family Dipteridaceae since we interpret most shared features with Matoniaceae as plesiomorphic conditions for the family. In contrast, most shared features with Dipteridaceae represent apomorphies for the group. Thus, would represent an early diverging genus in Dipteridaceae, considering the venation characters as the most important in order to define the family.

References

Bercovici M, Lele S, Santiago J . Open source simulation tool for electrophoretic stacking, focusing, and separation. J Chromatogr A. 2009; 1216(6):1008-18. DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.12.022. View

Pol D, Garrido A, Cerda I . A new sauropodomorph dinosaur from the Early Jurassic of Patagonia and the origin and evolution of the sauropod-type sacrum. PLoS One. 2011; 6(1):e14572. PMC: 3027623. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0014572. View

Qi X, Kuo L, Guo C, Li H, Li Z, Qi J . A well-resolved fern nuclear phylogeny reveals the evolution history of numerous transcription factor families. Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2018; 127:961-977. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.06.043. View

Schuettpelz E, Pryer K . Evidence for a Cenozoic radiation of ferns in an angiosperm-dominated canopy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009; 106(27):11200-5. PMC: 2708725. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0811136106. View

Shu J, Wang H, Shen H, Wang R, Fu Q, Wang Y . Phylogenomic Analysis Reconstructed the Order Matoniales from Paleopolyploidy Veil. Plants (Basel). 2022; 11(12). PMC: 9228301. DOI: 10.3390/plants11121529. View

Testo W, Sundue M . A 4000-species dataset provides new insight into the evolution of ferns. Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2016; 105:200-211. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.09.003. View

Choo T, Escapa I . Assessing the evolutionary history of the fern family Dipteridaceae (Gleicheniales) by incorporating both extant and extinct members in a combined phylogenetic study. Am J Bot. 2018; 105(8):1315-1328. DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1121. View

Osborn , PHIPPS , Taylor . Structurally preserved sphenophytes from the Triassic of Antarctica: reproductive remains of Spaciinodum. Rev Palaeobot Palynol. 2000; 111(3-4):225-235. DOI: 10.1016/s0034-6667(00)00026-9. View

Goloboff P, Catalano S . TNT version 1.5, including a full implementation of phylogenetic morphometrics. Cladistics. 2021; 32(3):221-238. DOI: 10.1111/cla.12160. View

10.

Christenhusz M, Chase M . Trends and concepts in fern classification. Ann Bot. 2014; 113(4):571-94. PMC: 3936591. DOI: 10.1093/aob/mct299. View

11.

Pryer K, Schuettpelz E, Wolf P, Schneider H, Smith A, Cranfill R . Phylogeny and evolution of ferns (monilophytes) with a focus on the early leptosporangiate divergences. Am J Bot. 2011; 91(10):1582-98. DOI: 10.3732/ajb.91.10.1582. View