Genome Analysis of Parmales, the Sister Group of Diatoms, Reveals the Evolutionary Specialization of Diatoms from Phago-mixotrophs to Photoautotrophs

Overview

Journal Commun Biol

Specialty Biology

Date 2023 Jul 7

PMID 37420035

Authors

Hiroki Ban

Shinya Sato

Shinya Yoshikawa

Kazumasa Yamada

Yoji Nakamura

Mutsuo Ichinomiya

Naoki Sato

Romain Blanc-Mathieu

Hisashi Endo

Akira Kuwata

Hiroyuki Ogata

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The order Parmales (class Bolidophyceae) is a minor group of pico-sized eukaryotic marine phytoplankton that contains species with cells surrounded by silica plates. Previous studies revealed that Parmales is a member of ochrophytes and sister to diatoms (phylum Bacillariophyta), the most successful phytoplankton group in the modern ocean. Therefore, parmalean genomes can serve as a reference to elucidate both the evolutionary events that differentiated these two lineages and the genomic basis for the ecological success of diatoms vs. the more cryptic lifestyle of parmaleans. Here, we compare the genomes of eight parmaleans and five diatoms to explore their physiological and evolutionary differences. Parmaleans are predicted to be phago-mixotrophs. By contrast, diatoms have lost genes related to phagocytosis, indicating the ecological specialization from phago-mixotrophy to photoautotrophy in their early evolution. Furthermore, diatoms show significant enrichment in gene sets involved in nutrient uptake and metabolism, including iron and silica, in comparison with parmaleans. Overall, our results suggest a strong evolutionary link between the loss of phago-mixotrophy and specialization to a silicified photoautotrophic life stage early in diatom evolution after diverging from the Parmales lineage.

Citing Articles

Integrated overview of stramenopile ecology, taxonomy, and heterotrophic origin.

Jirsova D, Wideman J ISME J. 2024; 18(1).

PMID: 39077993 PMC: 11412368. DOI: 10.1093/ismejo/wrae150.

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Ban H, Endo H, Kuwata A, Ogata H Microbes Environ. 2024; 39(1).

PMID: 38522927 PMC: 10982110. DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.ME23093.

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