How Does Environmental and Occupational Exposure Contribute to Carcinogenesis in Genitourinary and Lung Cancers?

Overview

Journal Cancers (Basel)

Publisher MDPI

Specialty Oncology

Date 2023 Jun 22

PMID 37345174

Authors

Massimiliano Cani

Fabio Turco

Simona Buttice

Ursula Maria Vogl

Consuelo Buttigliero

Silvia Novello

Enrica Capelletto

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Environmental and occupational exposures have been associated with an increased risk of different types of cancers, although the exact mechanisms of higher carcinogenesis risk are not always well understood. Lung cancer is the leading cause of global cancer mortality, and, also, genitourinary neoplasms are among the main causes of cancer-related deaths in Western countries. The purpose of this review is to describe the main environmental and occupational factors that increase the risk of developing lung and genitourinary cancers and to investigate carcinogenesis mechanisms that link these agents to cancer onset. Further objectives are to identify methods for the prevention or the early detection of carcinogenic agents and, therefore, to reduce the risk of developing these cancers or to detect them at earlier stages.

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