A Retrospective Analysis of Factors Associated with the Length of Hospital Stay in COVID-19 Patients Treated with Nirmatrelvir / Ritonavir

Overview

Journal Front Pharmacol

Date 2023 Jun 21

PMID 37342588

Authors

Jiantao Zheng

Wencong Hong

Chanjuan Zhou

Donghuang Hong

Hong Yan

Yanghui Shen

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

This study reviewed factors influencing the length of hospital stay in adult inpatients with confirmed Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) who were treated with Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir. We did a retrospective analysis of data from a cohort of inpatients with confirmed diagnosis of Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 infection who were treated with Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir. We included patients who were treated from 13th March 2022 to 6th May 2022 in various in-patient treatment units in Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China. The primary study outcome was the length of hospital stay. Secondary study outcome was viral elimination defined as negative for ORF1ab and N genes [cycle threshold (Ct) value ≥35 in real-time PCR], according to local guidelines. Hazard ratios (HR) of event outcomes were analyzed using Multivariate Cox regression models. We studied 31 inpatients with high risk for severe COVID-19 who were treated with Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir. We found that inpatients with shorter length of hospital stay (≤17 days) were mostly females with lower body mass index (BMI) and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) index. Their treatment regimen with Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir was started within 5 days of diagnosis ( < 0.05). Multivariate Cox regression indicated that inpatients starting treatment of Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir within 5 days had a shorter length of hospital stay (HR 3.573, = 0.004) and had a faster clearance of viral load (HR 2.755, = 0.043). This study assumes relevance during the Omicron BA.2 epidemic as our findings suggest that early treatment with Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir within 5 days of diagnosis (≤5 days) was highly effective in shortening the length of hospital stay and faster viral load clearance.

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