Prevalence and Risk Factors of Gestational Diabetes in the Health Region of Lleida: a Retrospective Observational Cohort Study

Overview

Journal J Endocrinol Invest

Publisher Springer

Specialty Endocrinology

Date 2023 Jun 18

PMID 37330946

Authors

M Oros

D Perejon

M C Serna

J Siscart

J Leon

M Ortega

B Salinas-Roca

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Diabetes is a very common metabolic condition during pregnancy. The number of cases increases with age and obesity. The prevalence of pre-gestational diabetes and gestational diabetes (GD) differs between different ethnic groups.

Objective: The aim of the study was to analyse the prevalence of pre-gestational diabetes and GD in the health region of Lleida. We also studied the GD risk factors during pregnancy according to the country of origin of the pregnant woman.

Methods: We performed a retrospective observational cohort study among pregnant women between 2012 and 2018 in the health region of Lleida. A multivariate model was performed with the different variables analysed by calculating the regression coefficient and its 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results: In our sample of 17,177 pregnant women, we observed a prevalence of pre-gestational diabetes and GD of 8.2% and 6.5%, respectively. We found a relationship of gestational diabetes with different factors: age, with 6.8% in 30-34 year-old women and 11.3% in women over 35 (OR 1.78 and 3.29, respectively); overweight, with 8.29% (OR 1.89); and obesity, with 12.9% (OR 3.15). Finally, women from Asia and the Middle East and the Maghreb had a higher risk of diabetes, with 12.2% (OR 2.1) and 9.91% (OR 1.3), respectively, and Sub-Saharan women had a lower risk of it 6.07% (OR 0.71).

Conclusions: GD has different risk factors, such as age, overweight, and obesity. Non-related conditions include hypothyroidism, arterial hypertension, and dyslipidaemia. Finally, pregnant women from the Maghreb, and Asia and the Middle East, are at higher risk of developing diabetes during pregnancy; meanwhile, Sub-Saharan origin is protector factor.

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